Nuclear and chloroplast diversity and phenotypic distribution of rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm from the democratic people's republic of Korea (DPRK; North Korea).
Nuclear and chloroplast diversity and phenotypic distribution of rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm from the democratic people's republic of Korea (DPRK; North Korea).
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DOI：
10.1186/s12284-014-0007-4
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McCouch SR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim H;Jeong EG;Ahn SN;Doyle J;Singh N;Greenberg AJ;Won YJ;McCouch SR
大米占朝鲜民主主义人民共和国(朝鲜)主食产量的43%。最广泛种植的水稻品种是从有限数量的祖先系发展而来的，这些祖先系在育种计划中反复用作亲本。然而，详细的家系并不公开，关于朝鲜品种的遗传、表型和地理变异也知之甚少。我们对来自朝鲜的80份栽培稻种质资源进行了评价，其中包括67个良种和13个地方品种。在核SSR分析的基础上，我们将这些品种分为两个遗传群：群1对应于温带亚群，占供试材料的78.75%，群2与籼稻品种有近亲关系。有趣的是，组1的成员在核水平上的多样性低于组2，但在叶绿体水平上更多样化。第2类品种的母本单倍型均为同一，而第1类品种的母本祖先既可追溯到水稻，也可追溯到水稻。从表型上看，组1的成员的籽粒比组2的短，而育种项目的品种比地方品种的籽粒更粗、更宽。除每穗颖花数外，组1的改良品种在大多数性状上也表现出相似和/或更好的耐冷性。最后，地理分析表明，大多数遗传变异位于水稻种植最密集的地区，包括首都平壤附近的西部地区。这与人类选择在决定朝鲜当地大米扩散模式方面的有意识和高度集中的作用是一致的。朝鲜水稻种质资源的多样性研究揭示了两个遗传群体。最广泛种植的群体遗传基础狭窄，将受益于从耐寒地方品种、野生材料和/或栽培基因库引入新的遗传变异，以提高产量潜力和表现。
Rice accounts for 43% of staple food production in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK). The most widely planted rice varieties were developed from a limited number of ancestral lines that were repeatedly used as parents in breeding programs. However, detailed pedigrees are not publicly available and little is known about the genetic, phenotypic, and geographical variation of DPRK varieties. We evaluated 80 O. sativa accessions from the DPRK, consisting of 67 improved varieties and 13 landraces. Based on nuclear SSR analysis, we divide the varieties into two genetic groups: Group 1 corresponds to the temperate japonica subpopulation and represents 78.75% of the accessions, while Group 2 shares recent ancestry with indica varieties. Interestingly, members of Group 1 are less diverse than Group 2 at the nuclear level, but are more diverse at the chloroplast level. All Group 2 varieties share a single Japonica maternal-haplotype, while Group 1 varieties trace maternal ancestry to both Japonica and Indica. Phenotypically, members of Group 1 have shorter grains than Group 2, and varieties from breeding programs have thicker and wider grains than landraces. Improved varieties in Group 1 also show similar and/or better levels of cold tolerance for most traits, except for spikelet number per panicle. Finally, geographic analysis demonstrates that the majority of genetic variation is located within regions that have the most intensive rice cultivation, including the Western territories near the capital city Pyungyang. This is consistent with the conscious and highly centralized role of human selection in determining local dispersion patterns of rice in the DPRK. Diversity studies of DPRK rice germplasm revealed two genetic groups. The most widely planted group has a narrow genetic base and would benefit from the introduction of new genetic variation from cold tolerant landraces, wild accessions, and/or cultivated gene pools to enhance yield potential and performance.
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影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Clement, M;Posada, D;Crandall, KA
通讯作者：
Crandall, KA
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