Evolution of weak cooperative interactions for biological specificity.
Evolution of weak cooperative interactions for biological specificity.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1815912115
复制
发表时间：
2018-11-20
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Chakraborty AK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gao A;Shrinivas K;Lepeudry P;Suzuki HI;Sharp PA;Chakraborty AK
生物学中的功能特异性由两类机制介导，即“锁-钥匙”相互作用和多价弱合作相互作用（WCI）。尽管越来越多的证据表明WCI在高等生物中广泛流行，但人们对推动其进化的选择力知之甚少，并在后生动物中反复进行正选择以介导生物特异性。我们报告说，用于介导生物特异性的多价WCI随着生物体必须以功能特异性执行的任务数量变大而进化（例如，多细胞生物）。我们发现，多价WCI的进化赋予生物体增强和强大的进化能力，因此它已被反复积极选择。因此，我们提供的见解WCI的演变，更广泛地说，进化的演变。生物系统的一个特点是，特定的功能和结果是在特定的环境中实现的，例如当接收到特定的信号时。一种介导特异性的机制由费舍尔的“锁和钥匙”隐喻描述，通过特定的精细调节的相互作用选择性地结合到特定底物的酶来举例说明。另一种机制，在多细胞生物中更为普遍，依赖于多价弱合作相互作用。它的重要性最近已被说明的认识，液-液相变的基础上形成的无膜冷凝物，执行特定的细胞功能。基于计算机模拟的进化模型，我们报告说，后一种机制可能成为进化突出时，大量的任务必须专门为生物体正常运作。我们发现，出现弱的合作相互作用介导的特异性，结果在生物体，可以进化到完成新的任务，更少，可能不致命的突变。我们认为，这使得系统更有能力进行稳健的进化变化，因此，这种机制已被反复积极选择在日益复杂的生物体。由弱合作相互作用介导的特异性导致相关任务的一些有用的交叉反应性，但同时增加了对可能导致病理的失调的易感性。
Functional specificity in biology is mediated by two classes of mechanisms, “lock–key” interactions and multivalent weak cooperative interactions (WCI). Despite growing evidence that WCI are widely prevalent in higher organisms, little is known about the selection forces that drove its evolution and repeated positive selection for mediating biological specificity in metazoa. We report that multivalent WCI for mediating biological specificity evolved as the number of tasks that organisms had to perform with functional specificity became large (e.g., multicellular organisms). We find that the evolution of multivalent WCI confer enhanced and robust evolvability to organisms, and thus it has been repeatedly positively selected. Thus, we provide insights on the evolution of WCI and, more broadly, on the evolution of evolvability. A hallmark of biological systems is that particular functions and outcomes are realized in specific contexts, such as when particular signals are received. One mechanism for mediating specificity is described by Fisher’s “lock and key” metaphor, exemplified by enzymes that bind selectively to a particular substrate via specific finely tuned interactions. Another mechanism, more prevalent in multicellular organisms, relies on multivalent weak cooperative interactions. Its importance has recently been illustrated by the recognition that liquid-liquid phase transitions underlie the formation of membraneless condensates that perform specific cellular functions. Based on computer simulations of an evolutionary model, we report that the latter mechanism likely became evolutionarily prominent when a large number of tasks had to be performed specifically for organisms to function properly. We find that the emergence of weak cooperative interactions for mediating specificity results in organisms that can evolve to accomplish new tasks with fewer, and likely less lethal, mutations. We argue that this makes the system more capable of undergoing evolutionary changes robustly, and thus this mechanism has been repeatedly positively selected in increasingly complex organisms. Specificity mediated by weak cooperative interactions results in some useful cross-reactivity for related tasks, but at the same time increases susceptibility to misregulation that might lead to pathologies.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Espinosa-Soto C;Wagner A
通讯作者：
Wagner A
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Hnisz D;Abraham BJ;Lee TI;Lau A;Saint-André V;Sigova AA;Hoke HA;Young RA
通讯作者：
Young RA
DOI：
10.1038/nrg2703
发表时间：
2010-01
期刊：
Nature reviews. Genetics
影响因子：
--
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
2
作者：
PERELSON, AS;OSTER, GF
通讯作者：
OSTER, GF
影响因子：
7
作者：
Afanasyeva A;Bockwoldt M;Cooney CR;Heiland I;Gossmann TI
通讯作者：
Gossmann TI