Genetic Controls of Cell Volume Regulation

渗透压胁迫后细胞体积的恢复是 每个细胞类型的属性。 本卷的机制 调节取决于细胞的控制能力 通过调节细胞内水分的获得和损失， 离子和低分子量有机溶质（细胞内 渗透剂）。 容量调节能力最强的细胞 有最大的能力来控制积累和损失 有机溶质分子。 波普博士有很好的证据 季铵化合物甘氨酸甜菜碱是 海洋生物心脏细胞中的主要细胞渗透剂 马蹄铁甘氨酸甜菜碱也是用一些盐 植物和细菌的抗性菌株。 波普尔认为， 调节甘氨酸甜菜碱水平的机制对所有人都是共同的。 这些抗盐胁迫的生物， 螃蟹将作为一个很好的模型系统， 这些机制。 计划的实验涉及表征 一些生物合成和分解代谢酶系统的研究， 前体分子的吸收和利用， 评估基因表达调节的变化 （酶合成）在各种条件下的渗透胁迫。 研究结果将具有基础科学和实用价值， 我们对细胞体积机制的理解 调节和抗盐胁迫。

Cell volume restoration following an osmotic stress is the property of every cell type. The mechanism of this volume regulation depends upon the ability of the cell to control intracellular water gain and loss by regulating the intracellular levels of ions and low molecular weight organic solutes (cellular osmolytes). Cells with the greatest volume regulatory ability have the greatest ability to control the accumulation and loss of the organic solute molecules. Dr. Popper has excellent evidence that the quaternary ammonium compound, glycine betaine, is the primary cellular osmolyte in the heart cells of the marine horseshoe. Glycine betaine is also used by a number of salt resistant strains of plants and bacteria. Popper feels that the mechanisms regulating glycine betaine levels are common to all these salt stress resistant organisms and that the heart of this crab will serve as an excellent model system for elucidating these mechanisms. Planned experiments involve characterization of some of the biosynthetic and catabolic enzyme systems, studies on uptake and utilization of precursor molecules and an evaluation of the changes in the regulation of gene expression (enzyme synthesis) under various conditions of osmotic stress. The results will have both basic science and practical value in terms of our understanding of the mechanisms of cell volume regulation and salt stress resistance.