Evacuation of Special Facilities in the Aftermath of Whittier Earthquake

大多数与灾害条件有关的运输行动无法在实验室中进行测试或评估，也无法从正常情况中推断出来。它们必须通过真实的经历来获得，而在地震的情况下，这种经历是罕见的。1987年10月1日惠蒂尔地震发生后，交通运输和交通相关领域最重要的事件是疗养院、医院、公共和高层建筑等特殊设施的有组织疏散。本研究的主要重点将是分析和评估这些撤离的即时和短期行动，并在撤离时间、培训需求、运输要求和操作问题方面比较结果。将特别强调撤离长滩海军医院等保健设施。在这方面，将编制一个交互式计算机程序，以模拟在自然灾害下保健设施的疏散情况。海军医院撤离的数据将用于测试和校准模型。模型输出将提供不同疏散条件下系统性能的评估。该模型旨在成为一种决策支持工具，可以帮助设施管理人员确定资源的最佳分配，以有效地执行快速顺利的疏散。

Most transportation actions regarding disaster conditions cannot be tested or evaluated in a laboratory or inferred from normal situations. They have to be acquired through real-life experiences which in the case of an earthquake is a rare occurrence. The most significant events in the transportation and transportation-related field that followed the October 1, 1987 Whittier earthquake is the organized evacuations of special facilities such as convalescent homes, hospitals and public and high rise buildings. The main focus of this study will be on analyzing and evaluating the immediate and short-term actions of these evacuations and comparing the results in terms of evacuation times, training needs, transportation requirements and operational problems. Special emphasis will be placed on the evacuation of the health care facilities such as the Long Beach naval Hospital. In that regard, an interactive computer program will be developed to simulate the evacuation of a health care facility under natural disasters. The data from the evacuation of the Naval Hospital will be used to test and calibrate the model. The model outputs will provide an evaluation of the system performance under different evacuation conditions. The model is intended to be a decision support tool that can assist the facility manager to determine the best allocation of resources to efficiently execute a quick and smooth evacuation.