Studies in Unemployment and Labor Markets

失业和劳动力市场研究

• 批准号: 8807807
• 负责人: George Akerlof
• 金额: $ 10.79万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-07-15 至 1991-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8807807&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Studies; Unemployment; Labor; Markets

This project involves a micro-empirical study of job changes and unemployment and the effects of taxes on labor supply. Existing theories cannot adequately explain the operation of labor markets over the business cycle, nor the impact of tax policy on aggregate employment. The first part of this study involves the development of a detailed model of the labor market, based on empirical findings concerning the role of wage differentials. This model will be used to explain the changes in worker quit rates and job turnover rates over the business cycle. The second part of the study will analyze the effects of the income tax on wages and unemployment. A simple structural model of the U.S. economy will be constructed and used to analyze the impact of tax changes. The analysis of tax changes is important because the macro economic response to a tax increase may be a significant increase in unemployment, inflation, or both. This analysis is particularly timely because of the budget deficit reductions mandated by the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings legislation which could result in significant tax increases. The work focusing on modeling the labor market should provide important new insights into the dynamics of unemployment and job turnover over the business cycle.

这个项目涉及一项关于工作变化和失业以及税收对劳动力供应影响的微观实证研究。现有的理论不能充分解释劳动力市场在商业周期中的运行，也不能充分解释税收政策对总就业的影响。这项研究的第一部分涉及开发一个详细的劳动力市场模型，基于关于工资差异作用的经验发现。这个模型将被用来解释在整个商业周期中员工离职率和工作流失率的变化。研究的第二部分将分析所得税对工资和失业的影响。将构建一个简单的美国经济结构模型，并用于分析税收变化的影响。对税收变化的分析很重要，因为对增税的宏观经济反应可能是失业率、通货膨胀率或两者兼而有之。这一分析特别及时，因为《格拉姆-鲁德曼-霍林斯法案》要求削减预算赤字，这可能导致大幅增税。这项专注于劳动力市场建模的工作应该会为商业周期中失业和工作流动的动态提供重要的新见解。