From me to you and beyond: understanding socially-induced nocebo effects

当负面预期引发不良后果时，消极影响会造成巨大的个人和社会伤害。我们已经取得了很大的进步，理解了教学和条件反射是如何影响无节制效应的。然而，社交学习的作用--我们通过观察他人学到的东西--却出人意料地鲜有受到关注，尽管它与许多突出的社会层面的不合时宜的影响有关。目前的项目使用了新颖的实验方法来了解社交学习是如何导致无节制效应的，以及哪些策略抑制了这些效应。这一结果将极大地促进对社会诱导的黑夜效应的科学理解，并为翻译研究减少其造成的实质性危害铺平道路。

Nocebo effects – when negative expectancies trigger adverse outcomes – cause enormous personal and societal harm. We have made great progress understanding how instruction and conditioning contribute to nocebo effects. Yet, the role of social learning – what we learn by observing others – has received surprisingly little attention despite its relevance to many prominent societal-level nocebo effects. The current project uses novel experimental methods to understand how social learning contributes to nocebo effects and which strategies inhibit these effects. The results will significantly advance scientific understanding of socially-induced nocebo effects and pave the way for translational research to reduce the substantial harm they cause.