From me to you and beyond: understanding socially-induced nocebo effects

Nocebo效应-当负面预期引发不良后果时-会造成巨大的个人和社会伤害。我们已经在理解指令和条件作用是如何影响反安慰剂效应方面取得了很大进展。然而，社会学习的作用--我们通过观察他人而学习到的东西--尽管与许多突出的社会层面反安慰剂效应相关，但却很少受到关注。目前的项目使用新的实验方法来了解社会学习如何有助于反安慰剂效应，以及哪些策略抑制这些效应。研究结果将大大推进对社会诱发反安慰剂效应的科学理解，并为减少其造成的实质性伤害的转化研究铺平道路。

Nocebo effects – when negative expectancies trigger adverse outcomes – cause enormous personal and societal harm. We have made great progress understanding how instruction and conditioning contribute to nocebo effects. Yet, the role of social learning – what we learn by observing others – has received surprisingly little attention despite its relevance to many prominent societal-level nocebo effects. The current project uses novel experimental methods to understand how social learning contributes to nocebo effects and which strategies inhibit these effects. The results will significantly advance scientific understanding of socially-induced nocebo effects and pave the way for translational research to reduce the substantial harm they cause.