Center for Quantized Electronic Structures

加州大学圣巴巴拉分校(UCSB)的这项提案要求提供资金，以建立一个量子化电子结构科学技术中心。中心主任将由詹姆斯·L·默茨教授担任。量子化电子结构中心将专注于新的物理现象，这些现象可以在微观结构中实现，表现出一维、二维或三维的量子效应。这些结构的实际制造是该中心研究的补充部分。这两个领域将导致对这一新科学的技术影响的研究；中心的调查使新设备成为可能。该中心的工作将解决在量子化结构中产生的不寻常的物理现象，包括电子和光学现象。选择用于研究的电子输运包括特殊形状势垒中的迁移率，共振和间接隧穿，以及相位和干扰效应。光学现象包括束缚载流子和自由载流子的影响，以及自旋极化电子束的问题。该中心不仅将研究单个量子线、量子盒和量子环的性质，还将研究通过产生这些量子结构的周期阵列而制成的新合成材料的性质。形成低维量子结构的各种可能性将在外延生长过程中被考虑，或者使用新的制造技术来描绘结构。许多加工技术将利用束引起的材料变化，并需要从基本分子化学的角度对束/固体相互作用有新的理解。因此，一门关于晶体生长和加工的全新科学正在产生，在取得进展之前，需要对其有许多新的基本理解。在该中心进行的研究比伊利诺伊大学或科罗拉多大学/科罗拉多州立大学相关领域的工程研究中心更具基础性。这两个中心都专注于微电子技术的更多应用：科罗拉多州设计专用计算机，伊利诺伊州应用此类设备进行计算机通信。加州大学伯克利分校的科学和技术中心将创建对ERCS使用的电子材料的基本科学理解，以及用于应用的全新量子结构。康奈尔大学的MRL和纳米加工设施以及伊利诺伊大学的MRL也从事一些量子现象的研究，但它不与UCSB的中心重叠，后者的重点是可达到的最小规模。将酌情制定参与电子材料研究和应用的中心之间的合作手段。

This proposal from the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), requests funds to establish a Science and Technology Center for Quantized Electronic Structures. The Director of the Center will be Professor James L. Merz. The Center for Quantized Electronic Structures will focus on new physical phenomena which can be realized in microstructures exhibiting quantum effects in one, two, or three dimensions. The actual fabrication of these structures is the complementary portion of the Center's research. These two areas will lead to a study of the technological impact of this new science; the novel devices made possible by the Center's investigations. The work at the Center will address the unusual physical phenomena, both electronic and optical, arising in quantized structures. Electron transport chosen for study include mobility in specially shaped potential wells, resonant and indirect tunnelling, and phase and interference effects. Optical phenomena include effects due to bound and free carriers and the question of spin-polarized electron beams. The Center will address not only the properties of individual quantum wires, boxes, and rings, but also the properties of new synthetic materials made by producing periodic arrays of these quantum structures. Various possibilities of forming low dimensional quantum structures will be considered either during the epitaxial growth process itself or using novel fabrication techniques to delineate the structures. Many of the processing techniques will make use of beam-induced changes in the material and will require a new understanding of beam/solid interactions from a fundamental molecular-chemistry point of view. Thus, a whole new science of crystal growth and processing is being created where much new basic understanding is required before progress can be made. The research performed at this Center is at a more fundamental level than either of the Engineering Research Centers in related areas at the University of Illinois or the University of Colorado/Colorado State University. Both of these Centers are focussed on more applied use of microelectronic technology: Colorado in the design of special purpose computers, and Illinois in the application of such devices for computer communications. The Science and Technology Center at UCSB will create the basic scientific understanding of the electronic materials used at the ERCs, in addition to totally new quantum structures for applications use. The MRL and the Nanofabrication Facility at Cornell University and the MRL at the University of Illinois are also engaged in some quantum phenomena research, but it does not overlap that of the Center at UCSB where the emphasis is on the smallest scales attainable. Means for cooperation between Centers involved in electronic materials research and application will be developed as appropriate.