UV Radiation in Antarctic Waters: Dynamics Response of Phytoplankton and Attenuation by Pigments

南极水域紫外线辐射：浮游植物的动态响应和色素的衰减

• 批准号: 8810462
• 负责人: Osmund Holm-Hansen
• 金额: $ 16.98万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-08-01 至 1991-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8810462&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: UV; Radiation; Antarctic; Waters; Dynamics

The flux of ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B, 280-320 nm) at sea level in the Antarctic may be increasing due to decreases in stratospheric ozone levels. Previous studies have shown that marine phytoplankton in the upper portion of the water column are inhibited by natural UV radiation, and hence further progressive increases in the flux of UV may have damaging effects on the food web in Antarctic waters. Holm-Hansen proposes to measure the flux of natural UV in the euphotic zone with a multi-channel spectral radiometer and document its effect(s) on marine phytoplankton. Analysis of absorption by particulate and dissolved components will enable assessment of the role of phytoplankton and detrital pigments in the attenuation of UV radiation. Marine in situ studies will examine both short-term effects of UV based on rates of radiocarbon incorporation and long-term effects based on phytoplankton growth rates. In addition to marine in situ studies, controlled experiments using artificial light sources will be conducted to evaluate the effect of known UV doses on isolated phytoplankton cultures as well as the differential sensitivities of species in natural water samples. Photoadaptational responses involving synthesis of UV absorbing pigments and their role in protection and/or photosynthesis will be analyzed using HPLC, and particulate absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. These studies of the dynamic response of phytoplankton to increasing dose-levels of UV will be important for understanding the biological consequences of reduced ozone/enhanced UV-B levels in the Antarctic and, through modeling efforts, will be of value in predicting UV effects elsewhere in the world's oceans.

本文研究了我国海平面紫外线B辐射（UV-B，280-320 nm）的通量， 南极的臭氧量可能会因平流层臭氧的减少而增加 程度. 先前的研究表明， 水柱的上部受到自然紫外线辐射的抑制， 因此紫外线通量的进一步逐渐增加可能会导致 对南极沃茨食物网的破坏性影响。 霍尔姆-汉森 建议测量真光层中的自然紫外线通量， 多通道光谱辐射计，并记录其对海洋的影响 浮游植物 通过微粒和溶解物分析吸收 这些组成部分将能够评估浮游植物的作用， 在紫外线辐射的衰减碎屑色素。 海洋原位 研究将检查紫外线的短期影响， 基于浮游植物的放射性碳掺入和长期影响 增长率。 除了海洋原位研究外， 将进行使用人造光源的实验，以评估 已知的紫外线剂量对孤立的浮游植物培养的影响，以及 自然水样中物种的敏感性差异。 涉及紫外吸收色素合成的光适应反应 并将分析它们在保护和/或光合作用中的作用 使用HPLC和微粒吸收和荧光光谱法。 这些关于浮游植物对海洋环境变化的动态响应的研究 紫外线的剂量水平将是重要的了解生物 南极臭氧减少/紫外线-B水平增强的后果， 通过建模工作，将在预测紫外线效应方面具有价值 在世界其他地方的海洋。