Mechanisms of Stress-induced Shifts in Leaf Beetle Resistance of Cottonwood

胁迫引起的三叶杨叶甲抗性变化的机制

• 批准号: 8817519
• 负责人: Clive Jones
• 金额: $ 37.93万
• 依托单位: New York Botanical Garden
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-03-15 至 1993-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8817519&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mechanisms; Stress; induced; Shifts; Leaf

It is well recognized that abiotic "stress" may change plant resistance to insects, but little is known about the mechanisms involved. Recent studies demonstrated that a single, acute, ambient dose of ozone changes susceptibility of cottonwood to insects and diseases. The leaf-chewing beetle, Plagiodera versicolora, is particularly affected. Beetles prefer to feed on and consume more of ozone-treated plants than controls, but do not grow or survive any better; relative growth (growth per unit food eaten) is therefore reduced. Females prefer to lay their eggs on control plants and have much lower fecundity when kept with ozone-treated plants. The chemistry of cottonwood plants is also changed by ozone. Soluble nitrogen increases, phenolic glycosides decrease and other phenolics become polymerized to cell walls. These chemical changes may be responsible for the "stress"-induced changes in insect resistance. The chemical mechanisms responsible for changes in beetle feeding and oviposition preference, consumption, relative growth and fecundity will be investigated. Chemical isolations combined with bioassays; and testing of specific compounds will be carried out. The dose response of the beetle to active compounds, and the time course in the plant following fumigation will also be determined. These basic, mechanistic studies also have a pragmatic value because they will increase knowledge of the effects of air pollution on plant-insect interactions using commercially important species.

众所周知，非生物“胁迫”可以改变植物 对昆虫的抗性，但对机制知之甚少 涉案 最近的研究表明，一个单一的，急性， 臭氧的环境剂量改变了棉白杨叶杨对 昆虫和疾病。 嚼叶甲虫，斜齿甲虫 versicolora，特别受影响。 甲虫更喜欢吃 消耗更多的臭氧处理过的植物比对照组， 不能生长或生存得更好;相对生长（单位生长 吃的东西也会减少。 雌性更喜欢把它们的 在对照植物上产卵， 臭氧处理过的植物。 棉白杨植物的化学成分是 也被臭氧改变了。 可溶性氮增加，酚类 糖苷减少，其他酚类化合物聚合， 细胞壁 这些化学变化可能是导致 “压力”引起的昆虫抗性变化。 化学 负责甲虫进食变化的机制， 产卵偏好、消耗、相对生长和 将调查生育能力。 化学分离合并 与生物测定;和测试的特定化合物将进行 出去 甲虫对活性化合物的剂量反应，以及 熏蒸后工厂的时间进程也将是 测定 这些基本的、机械的研究也有一个 实用价值，因为他们将增加知识的 大气污染对植物-昆虫相互作用的影响 重要的商业物种。