ROW: The Role of Vector Dispersal in Plant Disease Dynamics

尽管昆虫传播的植物疾病在这两个国家都很普遍， 自然系统和农业系统，相对而言知之甚少 关于植物病原体、昆虫媒介和 田间易感植物。 的长期目标 拟议的研究是为了了解疾病的动力学如何 大麦黄矮病毒（BYDV）依赖于生物学特性， 黄矮病病毒分离物、蚜虫媒介和寄主之间的相互作用 植物 30年来的相对波动数据 在伊萨卡的BYDV的五个特征分离物的丰度， 纽约州已经记录了一种病媒特异性分离株的移位 (MAV)由几种蚜虫非特异性传播的分离物 载体（PAV）。 本项目的目标是评估 病媒扩散在推动 位移 研究将包括现场和实验室 实验旨在解决以下问题：（1）如何 由主要BYDV分离物诱导的病害严重程度是否影响 植物对蚜虫的吸引力(2)植物是否会受到 不同的BYDV分离物不同地影响有翅酸的产生， 两种主要蚜虫媒介的繁殖力和存活率 麦长管蚜和禾谷缢管蚜？(3)植物感染 不同菌株对蚜虫扩散行为的影响 菲尔德？蚜虫定殖和扩散的差异 转化为对隔离传播的显著影响？ 这 这项研究对病毒-载体-宿主的进化有启示 植物协会，并将提供重要的信息， 新型病毒分离株的传播潜力和评价 基因工程的环境风险 微生物的

Despite the ubiquity of insect-borne plant diseases in both natural and agricultural systems, relatively little is known about the interactions among plant pathogens, insect vectors, and susceptible plants in the field. The long-term goal of the proposed research is to understand how disease dynamics of the barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) depend on the biological interactions between BYDV isolates, aphid vectors, and host plants. Thirty years of data on the fluctuation in relative abundance of the five characterized isolates of BYDV in Ithaca, NY have documented the displacement of a vector specific isolate (MAV) by an isolate transmitted nonspecifically by several aphid vectors (PAV). The objective of this project is to evaluate the potential role of vector dispersal in driving the dynamics of the displacement. The research will consist of field and laboratory experiments designed to address the following questions: (1) How does disease severity induced by the major BYDV isolates affect a plant's attractiveness to aphids? (2) Does plant infection by the various BYDV isolates differentially affect the alate production, fecundity, and survivorship of the two major aphid vectors Sitobion avenae and Rhopalosiphum padi? (3) Does plant infection by different isolates influence aphid dispersal behavior in the field? and (4) Do differences in aphid colonization and dispersal translate into significant effects on isolate spread? This research has implications for the evolution of virus-vector-host plant associations and will contribute vital information on the potential for spread of novel viral isolates and the evaluation of the environmental risks of genetically engineered microorganisms.