Coordination and Operation of Two-Sided Matching Markets: Theory and Evidence

该项目由两个不同但相关的调查线组成。第一部分主要是对精英专业人士的各种入门级就业市场的组织方式进行实证调查。调查的动机是由初步证据提供的，这些证据表明，工人和公司高度异质的市场可能具有彼此共同的一些重要特征，并且通常可能表现得非常不同，需要不同种类的分析，而不是涉及相当同质的公司和工人的市场。具体而言，该项目分析了美国的实习生和住院医生市场，以及在英国国民保健服务不同地区开展业务的初级医生的几个平行市场；法国大学教授获得职位的制度；东京大学毕业生市场；以及美国顶尖法学院和商学院毕业生的市场情况。第二部分的研究主要是理论性的，由三个部分组成。第一部分探讨了为什么各种相关的双边匹配模型具有相似的性质，尽管它们需要不同的假设。第二部分开发了具有不完全信息的匹配模型，该模型更适合于现实世界的问题。第三部分包括建模和探索正在进行的实证调查中发现的现象。这个雄心勃勃的项目应该得到支持，因为它将为医生、律师和商学院毕业生等重要劳动力市场的表现提供洞见。这项研究还将改进匹配理论。这是有价值的，因为许多不同的经济问题可以表示为匹配问题。

This project consists of two distinct but related lines of investigation. The first is a largely empirical investigation of the ways in which various entry level job markets for elite professionals are organized. The motivation for the investigation is provided by preliminary evidence that markets in which both workers and firms are highly heterogeneous may have some important features in common with one another, and may in general behave quite differently, and require different kinds of analysis, than markets involving fairly homogeneous firms and workers. Specifically, the project analyzes the American market for interns and residents, several parallel markets for beginning physicians which operate in the different regions of the National Health Service in the United Kingdom; the system by which French university professors obtain positions; the market for graduates of the University of Tokyo; and aspects of the markets for graduates of top American law and business schools. The second line of research is primarily theoretical, and consists of three parts. The first part explores why a variety of related two-sided matching models have similar properties, although they require different assumptions. The second part develops matching models with incomplete information that are more appropriate for real world problems. The third part consists of modelling and exploring the phenomena uncovered in the ongoing empirical investigations. This ambitious project should be supported because of the insights it will provide in the performance of such important labor markets as those for physicians, lawyers and business school graduates. The research will also improve matching theory. This is valuable because many different economic problems can be represented as matching problems.