Fermilab, 1965-1990: A Case Study in the Emergence of Big Science

莉莲·霍德森博士和凯瑟琳·韦斯特福尔博士 探索美国“大科学”运作的试点研究 通过对过去25年的批判性历史考察， 费米国家加速器实验室（Fermilab） 世界上能量最高的粒子加速器的基地 他们的 最终的希望是研究机构的影响， 费米实验室的科学研究的规模，范围， 设施和实验的成本;实验的变化 大型工作团队和长时间尺度的研究; 政治和政府控制的影响，“用户” 设施的方向、地理集中程度和 电脑化 在这项试验研究中，他们将制作一份 对全文主要问题的初步总体分析 项目和三个具体的研究：（1）关于建设和 费米实验室的早期研究计划;（2）SSC的影响; （3）对撞机-探测器装置（CDF）的历史 “实验。“Hoddeson博士将专注于技术方面， 大型加速器和探测器的设计，包括 400 GeV的同步加速器，1000 GeV的Tevatron，CDF探测器， SSC，以及1980年后的实验计划和 对费米实验室和SSC高能物理的影响。 博士 韦斯特福尔将更多地处理政治和技术起源 费米实验室，建造400 GeV的机器，早期的 实验计划（1971-80）和SSC的建立。 这项研究将大大加强我们对 大科学在当今物理学中的作用和影响。

Dr. Lillian Hoddeson and Dr. Catherine Westfall are undertaking a pilot study to explore the workings of "big science" in American physics through a critical historical examination of the last 25 years of Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), the base of the world's highest energy particle accelerator. Their ultimate hope is to examine the effects of institutions like Fermilab on scientific research of increased size, scope, and cost of facilities and experiments; the changes in experimental research resulting from large working teams and long time-scales; the influence of politics and government control, "user" orientation of facilities, geographical concentration and computerization. Under this pilot study, they will produce an initial overall analysis of the major issues in the full-length project and three specific studies: (1) on the construction and early research program at Fermilab; (2) on the impact of the SSC; and (3) on the history of the Collider-Detector Facility (CDF) "experiment." Dr. Hoddeson will focus on technical aspects of the designing of large accelerators and detectors, including the 400 GeV syncrotron, the 1000 GeV Tevatron, the CDF detector, and the SSC, as well as the experimental program after 1980 and the impact on Fermilab and high energy physics of the SSC. Dr. Westfall will deal more with the political and technical origins of Fermilab, construction of the 400 GeV machine, the early experimental program (1971-80) and the establishment of the SSC. This study should greatly enhance our understanding of the operation and impact of big science in physics today.