Church, state, and the building of Ireland's south coast cities: Cork and Waterford, c. 1935-1965

教堂、国家和爱尔兰南海岸城市的建筑：科克和沃特福德，c.

• 批准号: AH/S011447/1
• 负责人: Richard Butler
• 金额: $ 25.47万
• 依托单位: University of Leicester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FS011447%2F1
• 关键词: Church; state; building; Ireland; south

This project will analyse how state and religious groups interacted in the planning and governing of Cork and Waterford in the mid-20th century. It will propose a theoretically rich understanding of Ireland's distinctive engagement with urban modernity and Ireland's central importance in the analysis of religion in modern European urban history. In focusing on town planning schemes, the project will shed new light on how international trends - garden cities, slum clearances, road schemes - found roots in Ireland. Both cities in turn were transformed with new suburbs, churches, and schools - including in the case of Cork the most intense period of church building since Emancipation. The project begins with the 1940s town planning schemes, where planners proposed substantial - unexecuted - demolition in both cities. It ends with the major housing schemes and new churches of the mid-1960s.Both cities are currently undergoing rapid urban expansion and are earmarked in the recent government report, 'Project Ireland 2040', for population growths of 60% over the next 20 years. Yet this document is remarkably light on historical reflections. This project will address this gap in our knowledge. It will proceed with three separate themes. First, it will explore mid-twentieth century town planning. Second, it will investigate the urban governance of both cities, focusing in particular on the actions of city managers, elected councillors, and engineers. It will study their decision-making processes in the building of new housing estates and their interactions with Catholic leaders in the provision of new churches and schools. Third, it will consider the perspective of these leading religious figures - bishops, priests, orders - by a study of their published literature, negotiations with city officials, fund-raising, and land purchases.The five research questions will be:a. How were provincial Irish cities imagined by town planners in the mid-twentieth century?The extensive town plans for Cork and Waterford will be examined, alongside correspondence from secular and religious leaders. This will include recently catalogued Department of Local Government papers for Cork, the rich material in the Cork and Waterford local archives, and Catholic diocesan papers.b. What was the relationship between state and religious power in the governing of these cities?The balance of urban power between sacred and secular groups was never uncontested or unidirectional, and this will be explored through an analysis of archival correspondence. It will explore the church's perspective on town planning in publications such as The Furrow, Muintir na Tire, Christus Rex, and newspapers. It will question who was writing about cities, what ideas they had, and how they saw the Irish urban future.c. How were decisions made about the building of new housing estates, churches and schools?We will use council and diocesan archives to explore the process by which new housing estates, churches and schools were planned and built. We will research material in the archives of the Presentation Sisters order, who built schools in both cities, and will use oral interviews with residents, former planners and city officials.d. How can Irish urban history explain Ireland's distinctive engagement with modernity?e. How can religion be (re)integrated into the history of modern European town planning?We will situate the Irish urban experience of the mid-20th century within European scholarship, with a particular focus on religion in the city. We will also argue the importance of studying Irish cities in seeking to understand the complexity of religious history within modern European urban history.In collaboration with the Waterford Museum of Treasures we will create a public exhibition and workshop on Waterford's urban development. We will also host a workshop as part of the Cork City Council 'Cork Conversations' series of public events.

这个项目将分析国家和宗教团体在20世纪中期科克和沃特福德的规划和治理中是如何相互作用的。它将从理论上丰富地理解爱尔兰与城市现代性的独特接触，以及爱尔兰在现代欧洲城市历史中宗教分析中的核心重要性。在关注城市规划方案的同时，该项目将揭示花园城市、贫民窟清理、道路计划等国际趋势如何在爱尔兰扎根。这两个城市都被改造成新的郊区、教堂和学校——在科克，这是自解放以来最激烈的教堂建设时期。该项目始于20世纪40年代的城镇规划方案，当时规划者建议在两个城市进行大规模的拆除，但没有执行。它以20世纪60年代中期的主要住房计划和新教堂结束。这两个城市目前都在经历快速的城市扩张，并在最近的政府报告“2040年爱尔兰计划”中被指定为未来20年人口增长60%。然而，这份文件对历史反思却轻描淡写。这个项目将填补我们知识上的这一空白。它将从三个不同的主题出发。首先，它将探索20世纪中期的城镇规划。其次，它将调查两个城市的城市治理，特别关注城市管理者、民选议员和工程师的行为。它将研究他们在建造新屋邨方面的决策过程，以及他们在提供新教堂和学校方面与天主教领导人的互动。第三，它将考虑这些主要宗教人物的观点——主教、牧师、修会——通过研究他们发表的文献、与市政官员的谈判、筹款和土地购买。这五个研究问题将是：a。20世纪中期的城镇规划者是如何想象爱尔兰的省级城市的？科克和沃特福德的大规模城镇规划，以及来自世俗和宗教领袖的信件将被审查。这将包括最近编目的科克地方政府部门的文件，科克和沃特福德当地档案中的丰富材料，以及天主教教区的文件。在这些城市的管理中，国家和宗教权力之间的关系是什么？神圣和世俗群体之间的城市权力平衡从来都不是没有争议或单向的，这将通过对档案通信的分析来探索。它将探讨教会在出版物如the Furrow， Muintir na Tire， Christus Rex和报纸上对城市规划的看法。它将质疑谁在写关于城市的文章，他们有什么想法，以及他们如何看待爱尔兰城市的未来。兴建新屋邨、教堂和学校的决定是如何作出的？我们会利用议会和教区的档案，探讨新屋邨、教堂和学校的规划和兴建过程。我们将研究在这两座城市修建学校的“展示姐妹会”（Presentation Sisters）档案中的材料，并将对居民、前规划师和市政官员进行口头采访。爱尔兰的城市历史如何解释爱尔兰与现代性的独特联系？宗教如何（重新）融入现代欧洲城市规划的历史？我们将把20世纪中期的爱尔兰城市经历置于欧洲学术范围内，特别关注城市中的宗教。我们还将讨论研究爱尔兰城市在寻求理解现代欧洲城市历史中宗教历史的复杂性方面的重要性。与沃特福德珍宝博物馆合作，我们将创建一个关于沃特福德城市发展的公共展览和研讨会。我们还将举办一个研讨会，作为科克市议会“科克对话”系列公共活动的一部分。

项目成果

Faith, Fundraising and Community in Modern Ireland: Building Cork's New Churches, 1953-1966

现代爱尔兰的信仰、筹款和社区：建造科克的新教堂，1953-1966 年

• 期刊: Eire-Ireland
• 影响因子: 0.6
• 作者: Spalding T

The Church and the People of Twentieth-Century Cork: Catholicism and the City, 1920-70

二十世纪科克的教会和人民：天主教和城市，1920-70

• 作者: Butler RJ