RUI: The Making of an Entrepreneurial University: MIT's Relations with Industry 1900-1975

近年来，社会对技术从大学向产业转移的兴趣使得发展与产业的适当联系机制成为广泛的研究型大学的一个主要问题。Etzkowitz博士正在记录大学-产业联系机制的起源和合法性，如咨询、研究合同、中心和新公司的成立。他正在以麻省理工学院的经历来调查这些问题，麻省理工学院是第一批也肯定是参与最多的研究型大学之一，这些大学寻求建立工业联系。Etzkowitz博士正在研究麻省理工学院与工业界之间产生联系的环境，并正在分析这种关系如何改变了麻省理工学院的学术角色，改变了该机构的职能，并影响了工业界与麻省理工学院的互动方式。即使在麻省理工学院这样表面上致力于支持工业的机构，将此类活动整合到学术事业中往往也是有问题的。麻省理工学院发生了一系列关于行业关系的争议，这将是本研究的重点。对这些问题的历史考察以及它们在麻省理工学院是如何解决的，可以为理解当代大学与行业关系的冲突提供一个框架，并为它们的解决提供指导方针。

In recent years, societal interest in the transfer of technology from university to industry has made the development of appropriate linkage mechanisms to industry a major issue at a broad range of research universities. Dr. Etzkowitz is documenting the origins and legitimation of university-industry linkage mechanisms such as consulting, research contracts, centers and formation of new firms. He is investigating these issues in the context of the experience of MIT, one of the first and certainly among the most heavily involved of research universities which have sought industrial connections. Dr. Etzkowitz is examining the circumstances that gave rise to linkages between MIT and industry and is analyzing how the relationships that developed modified MIT's academic role, changed the functions of the institution; and affected the way that industry interacted with MIT. The integration of such activities into the academic enterprise was often problematical even at an institution like MIT which is ostensibly devoted to the support of industry. A series of controversies over industry relations took place at MIT that will be the focus of this study. The historical examination of these issues and how they were resolved at MIT can provide a framework for understanding contemporary conflicts over university-industry ties and provide guidelines for their resolution.