Ozone Diminution, Ultraviolet Radiation and Photoplankton Biology in Antarctic Waters

南极水域臭氧减少、紫外线辐射和浮游生物生物学

• 批准号: 8917076
• 负责人: Raymond Smith
• 金额: $ 38.31万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-03-01 至 1992-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8917076&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ozone; Diminution; Ultraviolet; Radiation; Photoplankton

The Antarctic is now experiencing large springtime losses of stratospheric ozone, resulting in an increase in ultraviolet B (UVB, 280-320nm) radiation. The magnitude of ultraviolet radiation reaching the surface now approaches that measured in tropical latitudes. Perhaps more importantly, UVB radiation has increased in the Antarctic while both UVA (320-400nm) and photosynthetically available radiation (PAR, 400-700nm) have remained unchanged. Recent improvements in atmospheric modeling and technology in oceanographic instrumentation will be used in a six week field study during the austral spring 1990. The prime objective will be to document the impact of UV radiation on the phytoplankton community during the ice-edge spring bloom. During this time, oceanographic processes create favorable conditions for increased UVB susceptibility. Biological and bio-optical information will be used to define and quantify linkages between ozone-dependent oscillations in UV to PAR ratios and phytoplankton productivity. Special emphasis will be placed on defining biological restraints imposed by enhanced UVB and altered UVB:UVA:PAR ratios on the balance of UVB photodamage to photorepair, photoprotective and photosynthetic mechanisms operating in the Southern Ocean. The overall aim is to test the hypothesis that phytoplankton in Antarctic waters are adversely influenced by ozone depletion.

南极现在正经历着春季大量的 平流层臭氧，导致紫外线B（UVB， 280- 320纳米）辐射。 紫外线辐射的强度 现在的地表接近热带纬度的测量值。也许 更重要的是，南极的UVB辐射增加了， UVA（320- 400 nm）和光合有效辐射（PAR， 400- 700 nm）保持不变。 大气层最近的改进 将使用海洋学仪器中的建模和技术 在1990年南方春天的一次为期六周的实地研究中。 原 目标是记录紫外线辐射对 浮游植物群落在冰缘春季水华。 在此 随着时间的推移，海洋过程为增加 紫外线敏感性。 生物和生物光学信息将被 用于界定和量化依赖臭氧的 紫外线与PAR比值的振荡和浮游植物生产力。 将特别强调生物限制的定义 增强的UVB和改变的UVB：UVA：PAR比例对平衡的影响 UVB光损伤的光修复、光保护和光合作用 在南大洋运作的机制。 总体目标是测试 南极沃茨的浮游植物 受臭氧层破坏的影响。