Ozone Diminution, Ultraviolet Radiation and Phytoplankton Biology in Antarctic Waters

南极现在正经历着春季大量的 平流层臭氧，导致紫外线B（UVB， 280- 320 nm）辐射。 紫外线辐射的强度 现在的地表接近热带纬度的测量值。也许 更重要的是，南极的UVB辐射增加了， UVA（320- 400 nm）和光合有效辐射（PAR， 400- 700 nm）保持不变。 大气层最近的改进 海洋学仪器中的建模和技术将用于 在1990年南方春季进行了为期六周的实地研究。 原 目标是记录紫外线辐射对 浮游植物群落在冰缘春季水华。 在此 随着时间的推移，海洋过程为增加 紫外线敏感性。 将使用生物和生物光学信息 确定和量化与臭氧有关的振荡之间的联系， 紫外线对PAR的比率和浮游植物生产力。 将特别强调 确定增强的UVB所施加的生物限制， 改变UVB：UVA：PAR比例对UVB光损伤的平衡， 光修复、光保护和光合作用机制， 南大洋 总的目的是检验假设， 南极沃茨的浮游植物受到臭氧的不利影响 耗尽

The Antarctic is now experiencing large springtime losses of stratospheric ozone, resulting in an increase in ultraviolet B (UVB, 280-320nm) radiation. The magnitude of ultraviolet radiation reaching the surface now approaches that measured in tropical latitudes. Perhaps more importantly, UVB radiation has increased in the Antarctic while both UVA (320-400nm) and photosynthetically available radiation (PAR, 400-700nm) have remained unchanged. Recent improvements in atmospheric modeling and technology in oceanographic instrumentation will be used in a six week field study during the austral spring 1990. The prime objective will be to document the impact of UV radiation on the phytoplankton community during the ice-edge spring bloom. During this time, oceanographic processes create favorable conditions for increased UVB susceptibility. Biological and bio-optical information will be used to define and quantify linkages between ozone-dependent oscillations in UV to PAR ratios and phytoplankton productivity. Special emphasis will be placed on defining biological restraints imposed by enhanced UVB and altered UVB:UVA:PAR ratios on the balance of UVB photodamage to photorepair, photoprotective and photosynthetic mechanisms operating in the Southern Ocean. The overall aim is to test the hypothesis that phytoplankton in Antarctic waters are adversely influenced by ozone depletion.