A Model for the Assessment of the Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on Phytoplankton in Antarctic Waters

由于臭氧层厚度减少而造成的紫外线辐射增加，可能危及海洋上层的海洋生物。对海洋浮游植物的潜在危害是基于中紫外线辐射（MUV, 280-340 nm）可以穿透自然水域的生态重要深度以及MUV可能对浮游植物种群产生不利影响的认识。紫外线增加对原位浮游植物的直接影响尚未得到估计，尽管这是衡量潜在影响的唯一适当措施。本研究将以现有大气和海洋紫外线模式为基础，以TOMS臭氧数据为输入，对影响紫外线进入自然水体的因素进行敏感性分析。此外，该项目将侧重于设备开发，对现有的（和过时的）紫外潜水分光辐射计进行修改或重新设计，以供在南极使用。该模型和设备的开发是检验浮游植物和其他随后受到影响的水生食物网组成部分因臭氧减少而受到威胁的假设之前的一个重要步骤。

Marine life in the upper layers of the sea may be endangered by increased UV radiation resulting from reduction in the thickness of the ozone layer. The potential hazard to marine phytoplankton is based upon the knowledge that middle ultraviolet radiation (MUV, 280-340 nm) can penetrate to ecologically significant depths in natural waters and the possibility that MUV may have adverse effects on phytoplankton populations. The direct effects of increased UV on in-situ phytoplankton have not been estimated, although this is the only adequate measure of the potential impact. This research will make a sensitivity analysis of factors influencing the penetration of UV into natural waters based upon existing UV models for the atmosphere and ocean and using TOMS ozone data as input. In addition, this project will focus on equipment development, with a modification or redesign of the existing (and outmoded) ultraviolet submersible spectroradiometer for use in the Antarctic. The model and equipment development are a major step necessary prior to the testing of the hypothesis that phytoplankton, and other subsequently impacted components of the aquatic food web, are endangered by ozone diminution.