ROA: Evolutionary Dynamics of Speciation by Polploidy in Treefrogs

ROA：树蛙多倍体物种形成的进化动力学

• 批准号: 9006763
• 负责人: H. Carl Gerhardt
• 金额: $ 11.74万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-03-01 至 1995-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9006763&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ROA; Evolutionary; Dynamics; Speciation; Polploidy

Polyploidy in higher animals is generally rare, but more than fifteen species of five different families of frogs and toads have been discovered. The subjects of this research are two widely ranging North American gray treefrogs - the polyploid species Hyla versicolor, a tetraploid (2 times normal chromosome number) and its diploid counterpart, h. chrysoscelis. The main goal is to learn if H. versicolor arose more than once from H. chrysoscelis or as a hybrid between ancestral h. chrysoscelis and another diploid, h. avivoca. The multiple-origin hypotheses will be tested by comparing the nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial DNA from frogs of all three species from widespread areas through their distribution. The hypothesis of multiple- origin will be supported if in an evolutionary tree based on sequence data, different populations of H. versicolor occupy different branches. In other words, the two species in the same area of the range would be more similar to each other than individuals of the same species from different parts of the range. A second goal is to compare differences in the acoustic properties of the mating calls of H. versicolor and H. chrysoscelis in areas where they occur together (sympatry) with differences between areas where only one species occurs (allopatry). Because the frogs use mating calls alone to identify correct mates, and because mismatings lead to sterile, triploid hybrids, the working hypothesis is that differences within sympatry will be greater than differences between allopatric populations.

多倍体在高等动物中一般是罕见的，但更多 超过五个不同科的十五种青蛙， 蟾蜍被发现了 本研究的对象是 两种分布广泛的北美灰树蛙--多倍体 杂色雨蛙（Hyla versicolor）为四倍体（2倍于正常染色体 number）和其二倍体对应物h. chrysoscelis。 主要 目标是学习H。versicolor在H. chrysoscelis或作为祖先h. chrysoscelis和 另一个二倍体H. avivoca。 多源假说 将通过比较 这三种青蛙的线粒体DNA来自广泛分布的 通过其分布。 多重假设- 如果在进化树中， 序列数据，不同种群的H.多色占领 不同的分支 换句话说，这两个物种在同一个 范围的面积将更类似于彼此比 来自不同地区的同一物种的个体 范围 第二个目标是比较声学上的差异， H. versicolor和H. chrysoscelis在它们一起出现（同域）的地区， 只有一个物种的地区之间的差异 （allopatry）。 因为青蛙只使用交配的叫声 识别正确的配偶，因为错配会导致不育， 三倍体杂交，工作假设是， 在同域中的差异将大于 异地种群