Decoding the evolutionary dynamics of bacterial regulatory sRNAs

解码细菌调节 sRNA 的进化动力学

• 批准号: 2315798
• 负责人: Allison Hansen
• 金额: $ 92万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2315798&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Decoding; evolutionary; dynamics; bacterial; regulatory

Small RNAs (sRNAs) play a crucial role in the diversification and adaptation of bacteria, influencing virulence, environmental responses, and metabolism. However, the understanding of sRNA evolution in bacteria is typically limited due to challenges in identifying sRNAs in distantly related species. Recent research has discovered sRNAs shared among diverse bacteria living inside hosts and that share a common ancestor. Therefore, the evolution, function and regulation of these sRNAs can be studied to gain insights into bacterial interactions with their hosts and environment. Moreover, sRNAs have potential applications in developing targeted antibiotics and green technologies for agriculture and public health, to combat antibiotic and pesticide resistance while minimizing non-target effects. The bacteria studied in this project are required for their pest insect hosts’ survival. Thus, understanding the role of sRNAs in maintaining these microbe-pest interactions is crucial for managing agricultural and disease-transmitting pests. The project's broader impacts include training and diversity initiatives, engaging undergraduate students in research, and promoting inclusivity in STEM education. Outreach activities and public presentations will enhance scientific understanding among the broader public, especially low-income communities. This project will foster scientific discovery, train the next generation of researchers, and promote science communication for the benefit of society.Understanding how small regulatory RNAs evolve has been challenging due to their rapid evolution and difficulties in finding related sRNA in diverse bacterial lineages. Recent research has identified bacteria with conserved small RNAs even after millions of years of divergence, providing an opportunity to study their evolution; these bacteria are also of interest because they live inside the aphids, which feed on plant sap. This proposal aims to investigate the evolution of sRNA regulation and function in those bacteria since their divergence from a common ancestor. The researchers will determine how sequence divergence and binding specificity affect the function and structure of sRNAs that interact with their target coding sequences. Additionally, the researchers will investigate the conservation of mRNA targets among divergent sRNA encoded in genomic locations far from their targets. The findings of this study will enhance our understanding of the functional roles of sRNAs and how they contribute to gene regulation in different bacterial lineages. Moreover, it will provide insights into the evolutionary history of bacteria and their adaptation to the environment and host cells over time. By unraveling the mechanisms of sRNA evolution, this research can shed light on the broader process of gene regulation and adaptation in bacteria. Undergraduate students will be trained in the course of this project, and researchers will continue to participate in the annual campus-wide insect festivals.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

小RNA（sRNA）在细菌的多样化和适应中发挥着至关重要的作用，影响毒力、环境反应和代谢。然而，对细菌中sRNA进化的理解通常是有限的，这是由于在远亲物种中鉴定sRNA的挑战。最近的研究发现，sRNAs在生活在宿主体内的不同细菌之间共享，并且具有共同的祖先。因此，可以研究这些sRNA的进化、功能和调控，以深入了解细菌与宿主和环境的相互作用。此外，sRNA在开发用于农业和公共卫生的靶向抗生素和绿色技术方面具有潜在的应用，以对抗抗生素和农药抗性，同时最大限度地减少非靶标效应。本项目所研究的细菌是害虫宿主生存所必需的。因此，了解sRNA在维持这些微生物-害虫相互作用中的作用对于管理农业和疾病传播害虫至关重要。该项目更广泛的影响包括培训和多样性举措，让本科生参与研究，以及促进STEM教育的包容性。外联活动和公开介绍将提高广大公众，特别是低收入社区的科学认识。该项目将促进科学发现，培养下一代研究人员，促进科学传播，造福社会。由于小调控RNA的快速进化和在不同细菌谱系中寻找相关sRNA的困难，了解它们如何进化一直具有挑战性。最近的研究发现，即使在数百万年的分歧之后，细菌也具有保守的小RNA，这为研究它们的进化提供了机会;这些细菌也很有趣，因为它们生活在以植物汁液为食的蚜虫体内。该提案旨在研究这些细菌中sRNA调节和功能的进化，因为它们从共同的祖先分化。研究人员将确定序列差异和结合特异性如何影响与其靶编码序列相互作用的sRNA的功能和结构。此外，研究人员还将研究在远离其靶标的基因组位置编码的不同sRNA中mRNA靶标的保守性。这项研究的发现将增强我们对sRNA功能作用的理解，以及它们如何有助于不同细菌谱系的基因调控。此外，它还将深入了解细菌的进化历史及其随着时间的推移对环境和宿主细胞的适应。通过揭示sRNA进化的机制，这项研究可以揭示细菌中更广泛的基因调控和适应过程。本科生将在该项目的过程中接受培训，研究人员将继续参加每年一度的校园昆虫节。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。