Adaptation to Sedentism in Peru

秘鲁对久坐的适应

• 批准号: 9007928
• 负责人: Robert Benfer
• 金额: $ 3.34万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-07-01 至 1992-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9007928&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Adaptation; Sedentism; Peru

With National Science Foundation support, Dr. Robert Benfer and his colleagues conducted multi-year excavations at the site of Paloma, located on the desert coastal plain of Peru. The site dates from the pre-ceramic period and documents the emergence of the earliest sedentary communities in this region of the world. The inhabitants, although they relied on hunted and gathered foods, were able to develop a secure enough subsistence base to maintain what appear to be permanent settlements. In the course of excavation, Dr. Benfer and colleagues opened large areas and uncovered both full storage pits and house remains. These proved extremely rich in both floral and faunal materials. They also uncovered large numbers of well preserved - often mummified - burials. Because of the extreme desertic conditions which resulted in this excellent preservation, the Paloma site provides unique insight not only into the subsistence adaptations of the inhabitants but also into their biological response. Through excavation at other sites, the team has also been able to set Paloma into a broader geographic and chronological context. Dr. Benfer will now conduct analyses and limited fieldwork to allow final publication of the results. A brief field season will permit additional - and necessary - stratigraphic correlation. Faunal and floral samples will be analyzed and radiocarbon dates obtained. This research is important for several reasons. It will allow the final and definitive publication of an extremely important archaeological site. It will provide insight into the process which led to the sedentization of previously mobile hunting and gathering groups and, thus, shed light on the process which led to the development of complex societies. Finally, because of graduate student involvement, it will assist in the training of a young scientist.

在国家科学基金会的支持下，罗伯特·本弗博士和 他的同事们在这个遗址进行了多年的挖掘， 帕洛玛位于秘鲁的沙漠沿海平原。 现场 可以追溯到前陶瓷时期， 是世界上这一地区最早的定居社区 居民们虽然依靠狩猎和采集 粮食，能够发展一个足够安全的生存基础， 维持着看似永久的定居点 过程中 在挖掘过程中，本弗博士和同事们打开了大片区域， 发现了完整的储藏坑和房屋残骸 这些证明了 在植物和动物两方面都非常丰富。 他们还 发现了大量保存完好的--通常是木乃伊-- 埋葬。 由于极端的沙漠条件， 帕洛玛遗址提供了 独特的洞察力，不仅对生存的适应， 居民，也进入他们的生物反应。 通过 在其他遗址的挖掘中，该团队还能够设置 帕洛玛进入更广泛的地理和时间背景。 本弗博士现在将进行分析和有限的实地考察， 允许最终公布结果。 短暂的田野季节 将允许额外的和必要的地层 相关性 将分析动物和花卉样本， 放射性碳年代测定。 这项研究之所以重要，有几个原因。 它将允许 一部极其重要的 考古遗址。 它将提供对过程的深入了解 这导致了以前的移动的狩猎的sedeterization， 聚集团体，从而揭示了导致 复杂社会的发展。 最后因为 研究生的参与，它将有助于培训一个 年轻的科学家