Research Initiation Award: Modeling Time and Space for the Integration of Construction Planning, Scheduling, and Site Layout Design

对活动进行排序、确定活动持续时间和为活动分配资源通常在计划和调度中执行；在布局中定位现场的临时设施。然而，很明显，空间的可获得性及其时机对活动互动有很大影响。这种互动对于现场经理解决的许多问题(例如承包商之间对主要空间的竞争、设备移动过程中的路径干扰)是原始的。这些例子表明，详细的施工计划、进度和布局必然会以变量的形式共享时间和空间。然而，迄今为止开发的大多数计划器和调度器完全忽略了空间(有时甚至是时间)，而在大多数布局程序中，布局的时间变化被忽略了。PI声称，开发一个明确考虑时间和空间的程序将极大地增强施工管理模型的现实性，并有助于计划员、调度员和布局工具的有效集成。PI将在黑板专家系统体系结构中开发一个一体化的规划布局系统。不同的原型已经证明，这样的系统在概念上是可以实现的，但实现实验将确定其计算可行性。研究还将实施交换信息的分布式规划和布局系统，并将这一实施与完全集成的系统进行比较，以评估集成与分发的成本/收益。

Sequencing activities, determining activity durations, and allocating resources to activities are typically performed in planning and scheduling; locating temporary facilities on site in layout. It is clear, however, that space availability and its timing greatly affect activity interaction. This interaction is primordial to many problems addressed by site managers (e.g. competition for prime space between contractors, path interference during equipment movement). These examples show that detailed construction plans, schedules, and layout necessarily share time and space as variables. However space (and sometimes even time) is ignored entirely in most planners and schedulers developed to date, while temporal variation of the layout is ignored in most layout programs. PI claims that developing a program taking time as well as space explicitly into account would greatly enhance the realism of construction management models, and would contribute to the effective integration of planners, schedulers, and layout tools. PI will develop an integrated planning-layout system in a blackboard expert system architecture. Separate prototypes have demonstrated that such a system is conceptually realizable, but implementation experiments will determine its computational feasibility. The research will also implement distributed planning and layout systems that exchange information, and contrast that implementation with the fully-integrated system in order to assess the costs/benefits of integration vs. distribution.