Physiology of Osmoregulation in Saline-Water Insects

盐水昆虫渗透调节的生理学

• 批准号: 9018345
• 负责人: Timothy Bradley
• 金额: $ 20.3万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-03-01 至 1995-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9018345&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Physiology; Osmoregulation; Saline; Water; Insects

One of the most fundamental processes inherent in animal cells is the capacity to transport ions and water. These processes are very important in the functioning of the human body, for example, in the production of saliva, sweat, urine, stomach secretions etc. Dr. Bradley is studying insects that live in a very saline lake, Mono Lake, in east central California. This lake is 2.5 times as salty as the ocean and contains very high levels of sulfate. Despite these unusual conditions, brine flies live by the billions in Mono Lake. He is investigating the mechanisms of salt transport in the midgut (the site of salt entry) and hindgut (the site of salt exit) in these flies. The flies may well contain the most active sulfate pumps known in biology. He anticipates that the information he will gather will be of broad use in understanding the mechanisms of salt transport in other biological systems and in man, for example in the kidney. It is a well established practice to examine physiological processes in non-human model systems where the process is highly exaggerated. Electrical generation has been very successfully studied in electric eels, nervous function in the giant axons of squid and processes of genetic selection in the fruit fly which has very short generation times. He intends to use the same principle in examining sulfate transport in the most active sulfate system known.

动物细胞固有的最基本过程之一是运输离子和水的能力。 这些过程在人体的功能中非常重要，例如，在生产唾液，汗水，尿液，胃部分泌等方面。布拉德利博士正在研究居住在加利福尼亚州东部的盐湖中的盐水湖中的昆虫。 这个湖泊的咸2.5倍，含有很高的硫酸盐。 尽管有这些不寻常的条件，但在单湖湖中，盐水仍在数十亿美元的生活中生活。 他正在研究这些苍蝇中的中肠（盐进入的地点）和后肠（盐出口地点）中的盐运输机制。 这些蝇很可能包含生物学中已知的最活跃的硫酸盐泵。 他预计，他将收集的信息将广泛使用，以了解其他生物系统中盐运输的机制，例如在肾脏中。 这是一种良好的实践，可以在高度夸大该过程的非人类模型系统中检查生理过程。 发电已经在电力鳗中进行了非常成功的研究，在鱿鱼的巨型轴突中的神经功能以及果蝇中遗传选择过程中的神经功能，其生成时间很短。 他打算在已知的最活跃的硫酸盐系统中检查硫酸盐的转运时使用相同的原理。