FAW: Coordination Issues in Manufacturing Systems Design andControl

对制造业全球竞争的广泛关注，导致越来越需要更好、更详细的协调，以提高制造业务的绩效。这项研究将从三种不同的角度来审视这些问题。首先，该研究将扩展一系列研究，以解决单个制造设施内各个生产阶段之间的协调问题。这一领域的研究将集中于系统的规划和控制，这些系统的要素由于采用及时制政策而减少库存而变得更加紧密地结合在一起。这些库存的减少给满足生产目标和截止日期带来了巨大的挑战，特别是在制造装配系统中。在这样的系统中，许多零件必须以精心安排的方式生产或采购，以确保零件能够以正确的比例配合，从而达到生产目标。其次，研究将根据最近建立供应商交货时间表和相关运输合同的工作，调查不同制造设施之间的协调问题。一个关键因素是每个客户的订购模式如何影响供应商的生产成本，以及如何定义订购政策（对客户），以及在适用的情况下，如何定义对各方都有利的订单接受或交货日期设定政策（对供应商）。第三，研究将集中在传统上在工业和学术文献中分别处理的制造功能之间界面的协调问题。虽然过去的一些研究集中在这些接口（例如，生产调度和运输物流之间的接口，质量控制和生产控制之间的接口），但研究将集中在操作和战术控制主题之间的接口以及处理资本投资决策的接口。操作策略如何影响现有制造系统的实现能力，以及它们应该如何影响新系统的选择，目前还没有得到很好的理解。同样，现有的或拟议的制造系统的物理特性如何影响良好、简单的操作控制的发展，也不是很清楚。将开发分析模型，一些是描述性的，另一些是基于优化的。这些模型将考虑不同级别的信息可用性（相对于速度和细节）和实际的性能评估方法。这也将有助于评估更好的信息系统和精心设计的激励政策的价值，在这些方面，协调对改善制造业业绩很重要。

Widespread concern about global competition in manufacturing has led to an increasing need for better, more detailed coordination to improve the performance of manufacturing operations. The research will examine these issues in three different ways. First, the research will expand upon a line of research that addresses coordination among the various stages of production within a single manufacturing facility. Research in this area will focus on the planning and control of systems whose elements have become more tightly coupled because of inventory reductions resulting from the adoption of just-in-time policies. These inventory reductions have created significant challenges to meeting production goals and deadlines, especially in fabrication-assembly systems. In such systems, many parts must be produced or procured in a carefully orchestrated manner to ensure that the parts can be mated in the correct proportions, so that production goals are met. Second, the research will investigate coordination issues among distinct manufacturing facilities building on recent work on establishing supplier delivery schedules and related transportation contracts. A key factor is how each customer's ordering pattern affects the costs of production at the supplier, and how to define ordering policies (at the customers), and, where applicable, order acceptance or delivery date setting policies (at the suppliers) which are mutually beneficial to all parties. Third, the research will concentrate on coordination issues at the interface between manufacturing functions which traditionally have been dealt with separately, both in industry and in the academic literature. Although some of the past research lies in these interfaces (e.g., the interface between production scheduling and transportation logistics, the interface between quality control and production control), the research will focus on the interfaces between operational and tactical control topics and those dealing with capital investment decisions. It is not well understood how operational policies affect the realized capacity of existing manufacturing systems, nor how they should influence choices for new systems. Similarly, it is not well understood how the physical characteristics of existing or proposed manufacturing systems affect the development of good, simple, operational controls. Analytical models will be developed, some descriptive and others optimization-based. The models will consider different levels of information availability (relative to both speed and detail) and practical performance evaluation methods. This also will allow assessment of the value of better information systems and well-designed incentive policies where coordination is important in achieving improved manufacturing performance.