Continued Water Tunnel Studies with Tuna at Kewalo Basin, Hawaii

夏威夷科瓦洛盆地的金枪鱼水隧道持续研究

• 批准号: 9103739
• 负责人: Jeffrey Graham
• 金额: $ 22.88万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-01-01 至 1996-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9103739&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Continued; Water; Tunnel; Studies; Tuna

Preliminary studies have demonstrated the feasibility and experimental utility of studying the swimming of skipjack and yellowfin tunas using a large water tunnel located at the National Marine Fisheries Service Laboratory in Hawaii. This project will conduct a detailed study of the numerous and diverse swimming specializations of these powerful and exquisitely designed fishes. Specifically, the investigators will: i) carry out measurements of tuna swimming metabolic rate and thus describe their locomotion energetics, ii) monitor aspects of tuna in vivo swimming physiology and thereby determine how these fishes regulate and sustain their aerobic metabolism, and iii) examine various aspects of the tuna's swimming kinematics and specialized locomotor anatomy and the augmentation of swimming mechanics and efficiency. This investigation will provide the first direct measurements on tunas, swimming at controlled speeds, of variables ranging from swimming metabolism in relation to body size, swimming cardiovascular physiology as determined by blood pressures, heart rate, arterial-venous O2 differences, and calculation (by Fick) of cardiac output and stoke volume. These studies will also provide the first controlled speed analyses of tuna swimming kinematics and biomechanics, including caudal force and thrust generation, and surface-flow visualization.

初步研究表明，利用位于夏威夷国家海洋渔业服务实验室的大型水隧道研究鲣鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼游泳的可行性和实验效用。该项目将对这些强大而精致的鱼类的众多不同的游泳专业进行详细的研究。具体而言，调查人员将：1)测量金枪鱼的游泳代谢率，从而描述它们的运动能量学；2)监测金枪鱼在体内游泳生理学的各个方面，从而确定这些鱼类如何调节和维持它们的有氧代谢；以及iii)检查金枪鱼游泳运动学和专门运动解剖学的各个方面以及游泳力学和效率的增强。这项研究将首次直接测量金枪鱼在控制速度下游泳的变量，包括与体型有关的游泳代谢，由血压、心率、动静脉氧差异决定的游泳心血管生理学，以及心输出量和脑容积的计算（由菲克计算）。这些研究也将提供金枪鱼游泳运动学和生物力学的第一个控制速度分析，包括尾鳍力和推力产生，以及表面流动可视化。