Comparative Aspects of the Air-Breathing Transition in the Oxudercine Fishes

氧化鱼类呼吸空气转变的比较方面

• 批准号: 9604699
• 负责人: Jeffrey Graham
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-07-15 至 2001-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9604699&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Comparative; Aspects; Air; Breathing; Transition

Graham 9604699 The mudskipper fish are in the subfamily Oxudercinae of the family Goblidae. There are10 genera and about 25 species of oxudercines, including the mudskippers. This subfamily has a broad geographic range, from West Africa to Samoa, and most species live in shallow, warm, hypcxic tropical regions. The mudskippers (Periophthalmus, Periophthalmodon, Boleophthalmus, and Scartelaos) are distinguished from other oxudercines by their ability to live at the water surface, with their heads exposed to air, or to even leave water and live in the air for extended periods. Mudskippers accordingly have adaptations for air breathing, for terrestrial locomotion, and for aerial vision, as well as other specializations related to being out of water. This study will examine some of these adaptations and attempt to understand the macroevolutionary sequence of their acquisition, - - - that is to say, the point in the expansion of this group when adaptations related to air exposure appeared. This sequence is important to know because, while the current theory about the evolution of vertebrate life on land is replete with details, based on fossils, about the structural changes that accompanied the land invasion, much less detail is known about the changes that occurred at the behavioral, sensory, physiological and biochemical levels. Because the oxudercines contains species that never leave water and others that are highly terrestrial, this group provide a special window to the "bows" and "whys" of terrestrial invasion. This study will investigate the nature of the functional elements related to the transition from water to land, in particular, how access to aerial oxygen affected breathing and metabolism. The mudskippers, in an ecological sense, are exploiting an open ecological niche between water and land, one that was not filled by amphibians. The PI thus provide clues as to how ancient ancestors of ail land animals may have made the transition from living in shallow-water to living on land.

格雷厄姆9604699 弹涂鱼属于鱼科（Goblidae）的Oxudercinae亚科。包括弹涂鱼在内，共10属25种。这个亚科有广泛的地理范围，从西非到萨摩亚，大多数物种生活在浅水，温暖，亚热带地区。弹涂鱼（Periophthalmus，Periophthalmodon，Boleophthalmus和Scartelaos）与其他oxudercines的区别在于它们能够生活在水面上，头部暴露在空气中，甚至离开水并在空气中生活很长一段时间。因此弹涂鱼具有适应空气呼吸、陆地运动和空中视觉的能力，以及其他与离开水有关的专长。本研究将检验其中的一些适应性，并试图了解它们获得的宏观进化顺序，也就是说，当与空气暴露有关的适应性出现时，这一群体的扩张点。了解这一序列很重要，因为目前关于陆地上脊椎动物进化的理论充满了基于化石的细节，关于伴随陆地入侵的结构变化，关于行为，感觉，生理和生化水平发生的变化的细节要少得多。由于oxudercines包含从不离开水的物种和其他高度陆生的物种，这一群体为陆生入侵的“弓”和“为什么”提供了一个特殊的窗口。这项研究将调查与从水到陆地的过渡有关的功能元素的性质，特别是如何获得空气中的氧气影响呼吸和新陈代谢。弹涂鱼，在生态学意义上，正在利用水和陆地之间的一个开放的生态位，一个没有被两栖动物填补的生态位。因此，PI提供了所有陆地动物的古代祖先如何从生活在浅水中过渡到生活在陆地上的线索。