Character Acquisition During the Transition to Amphibious Life in the Oxudercine Fishes

氧化鱼类向两栖生活过渡过程中的性格获得

• 批准号: 0111241
• 负责人: Jeffrey Graham
• 金额: $ 11.48万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-08-01 至 2005-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0111241&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Character; Acquisition; During; Transition; Amphibious

0111241 GrahamThis study investigates the specializations for amphibious life and air breathing of fishes in the goby subfamily Oxudercinae. Included among the oxudercines are species such as the mudskippers, which are highly amphibious and air-breathing, as well as several less- and entirely non-amphibious species. The research studies the characters associated with mudskipper terrestriality and the sequence of change these characters have undergone within the Oxudercinae. DNA sequence analyses will confirm the phylogenetic relationships among the oxudercine species. Comparative study of different oxudercines examines the functional relationship between the gills and auxiliary air-breathing surfaces considering, for example, such questions as how the presence of dual respiratory surfaces affects properties such as respiration, ionic and acid-base balance, and nitrogenous waste excretion. Also studied will be how the gills and auxiliary air-breathing structures function in oxudercine recovery from exhaustive exercise. Comparisons of oxudercine eyes will reveal how changes related to aerial visual acuity developed. Fieldwork in both Japan and Australia will correlate species-specific specializations with behavior and microhabitat distribution in order to establish how different degrees of terrestrial adaptation affect oxudercine distribution and natural history. The oxudercines are unique among the vertebrates in providing evolutionary "snap-shots" along the phylogenetic continuum extending from aquatic to amphibious life, and are thus ideal for studying the sequence of character changes that occurred over the course of this transition. This study therefore contributes to an understanding of the suite of changes that occurred during the invasion of land by the vertebrates in the Devonian Period, 360 million years ago.

[11 . 12]格雷厄姆本研究调查了虎鱼亚科鱼类的两栖生活和空气呼吸的特点。在水陆两栖动物中，包括一些像弹涂鱼这样的物种，它们是高度两栖和呼吸空气的，还有一些不那么两栖的物种，它们完全不是两栖的。研究了弹涂鱼陆栖性的相关特征，以及这些特征在弹涂鱼科内的变化顺序。DNA序列分析将进一步证实各物种间的系统发育关系。对不同氧嘧啶的比较研究考察了鳃和辅助空气呼吸表面之间的功能关系，例如，考虑到双呼吸表面的存在如何影响呼吸、离子和酸碱平衡以及含氮废物排泄等特性。还将研究鳃和辅助空气呼吸结构如何在穷尽运动后的氧气恢复中起作用。对不同动物眼睛的比较将揭示与空中视觉敏锐度相关的变化是如何发展的。在日本和澳大利亚的实地考察将把物种特异性与行为和微生境分布联系起来，以确定不同程度的陆地适应如何影响水生动物的分布和自然历史。在脊椎动物中，氧毒素是独一无二的，它提供了从水生生物到两栖生物的系统发育连续体的进化“快照”，因此是研究这种过渡过程中发生的特征变化序列的理想选择。因此，这项研究有助于了解3.6亿年前泥盆纪时期脊椎动物入侵土地期间发生的一系列变化。