r-Tunnel Studies with Tuna at the Kewalo Basin, Hawaii ,

夏威夷火奴鲁鲁的凯瓦洛盆地研究设施计划利用目前位于斯克里普斯海洋研究所的一个大型水洞来研究金枪鱼的游泳性能。这项研究的目标包括验证可以诱导金枪鱼在仪器中稳定地游泳，以证明未来在加州海流中使用长鳍金枪鱼进行船上实验是合理的。在Kewalo常规饲养金枪鱼的水洞的使用，也将允许进行比目前可行的或在金枪鱼上进行的更长时间和更详细的实验。我们将研究金枪鱼游泳的代谢成本及其与体型、速度和温度的关系。同样要测试的还有金枪鱼在环境温度和氧气浓度变化时持续游泳的能力，这些环境因素已知会影响夏威夷金枪鱼和大多数其他物种的运动模式。对这些热带金枪鱼体温调节能力的实验将首次在游泳的金枪鱼身上提供对剧烈水温变化的热平衡反应的活体检查，并允许测试关于热平衡是被动的或生理调节的相互矛盾的观点。水洞研究将允许进一步检查热效应对体内血红蛋白-氧气亲和力的影响，这是最近另一个有争议的主题。

Studies of tuna swimming performance at the Kewalo Basin Research Facility, Honolulu, Hawaii are planned using a large water tunnel currently located at Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Objectives of the study include verification that tunas can be induced to swim steadily in the instrument to justify future shipboard experiments with albacore in the California Current. Use of the water tunnel at Kewalo, where tunas are kept routinely, will also permit more lengthy and elaborate experiments than are currently feasible or, for that matter have ever been carried out on tunas. The metabolic cost of swimming for tunas and its relationship to body size, velocity, and temperature will be examined. Also to be tested is the tuna's capacity for sustained swimming in the face of changes in ambient temperature and oxygen concentrations, environmental factors known to affect the movement pattern of Hawaiian tunas and most other species. Experiments with the thermoregulatory capacity of these tropical tunas will provide the first-ever in vivo examination, in a swimming tuna, of heat-balancing responses to acute water temperature change, and permit testing of the conflicting ideas that heat balance is passive or physiologically regulated. Water-tunnel studies will permit further examination of thermal effects on in vivo hemoglobin-oxygen affinity, another subject of recent controversy.