Topics in Statistical Physics

凝聚态系统中的集体现象 将研究猝灭的随机性和传输。 现象 要研究的包括热波动的影响， 第二类中平衡和非平衡行为的钉扎 超导体在磁场中的静态和动态 自旋玻璃、无规磁体和其它系统 凝胶。 所有这些都涉及到经典的相变， 存在随机性和缓慢的动态，这是由于 屏障高度的分布。 的统计行为 非线性集体运输现象，如非线性 超导体中磁通线动力学，滑动电荷密度 波、多孔介质中的流体、沙堆和 地质断层的研究将侧重于其普遍性， 功能. 随机性对低温量子的影响 超流体、超导体、金属和 还将研究自旋系统。 特别是， 零温度相变，如金属-绝缘体 过渡，将进行研究。 %%% 对多粒子系统集体行为的研究 凝聚态物理学的基础。 然而，这些系统中几乎没有完美的。 到 所有凝聚态系统都有不同程度的随机性 与他们的财产有关。 该研究将研究 随机性在各种特定系统中的影响， 目前的兴趣，如超导体和磁铁，以确定 它对系统的静力学、动力学和输运的影响。 这 基础研究将寻找普遍的特征， 这些系统，从而提供了坚实的物理理解， 各种凝聚态系统的行为。

Collective phenomena in condensed matter systems associated with quenched randomness and transport will be investigated. Phenomena to be studied include the effects of thermal fluctuations and pinning on eqilibrium and non-equilibrium behavior in Type-II superconductors in a magnetic field and statics and dynamics of spin glasses, random magnets and other systems such as cross-linked gels. All of these involve classical phase transitions in the presence of randomness and slow dynamics which result from a distribution of barrier heights. The statistical behavior of nonlinear collective transport phenomena such as the nonlinear dynamics of flux lines in superconductors, sliding charge density waves, fluids in porous media, sand piles and the motion of geologic faults will be studied with an emphasis on their universal features. The effects of randomness on low temperature quantum mechanical behavior of superfluids, superconductors, metals and spin systems will also be investigated. In particular, the nature of the zero temperature phase transitions, such as metal-insulator transitions, will be studied. %%% The study of the collective behavior of many-particle systems lies at the foundation of condensed matter, or solid state, physics. However, very few, if any, of these systems are perfect. To varying degrees all condensed matter systems have randomness associated with their properties. The proposed research will study the effects of randomness in a variety of specific systems of current interest, such as superconductors and magnets, to determine its effects on the system statics, dynamics and transport. This basic research will look for universal features which are common to these systems and thus provide a solid physical understanding of the behavior of a variety of condensed matter systems.