Phase Coherence and Dynamics in Microfabricated Superconductor Devices and Mesoscopic Structures

该提案包括三个项目，每个调查阶段- 微加工多连接薄膜中的相干效应 结构，每个结构都需要灵敏的dc-SQUID磁力测量， 电位测定法以探测相位相干性和相位动力学：1） 宏观量子相位现象的研究 在多维系统中的量子隧穿，以测试有效性 量子力学在宏观物理中的应用 系统. 2)超导中的相位相干和涡旋动力学 天线阵.天线阵中静态涡流畸变的测量 通过扫描SQUID探测器和涡旋动力学的噪声和非噪声， 平衡输运实验 3)相位相干性 介观器件.持续电流和 在正常金属环，阵列和SQUIDS中进行筛选，以研究 相位相干性和散射的作用。 %%% 超导体和正常金属中的相位相干效应 “纳米结构”在发展高性能 灵敏度检测器和其他电子设备，并在 研究凝聚态物理学的基本原理。 //

The proposal comprises three projects, each investigating phase- coherent effects in microfabricated, multiply connected, thin-film structures, each requiring sensitive dc-SQUID magnetometry or potentiometry to probe the phase coherence and phase dynamics: 1) Macroscopic quantum phase phenomena - a study of macroscopic quantum tunneling in multidimensional systems to test the validity and applicability of quantum mechanics to macroscop-ic physical systems. 2) Phase coherence and vortex dynamics in superconducting arrays - measurement of the static vortex config-uration in arrays by a scanning SQUID detector and vortex dynam-ics by noise and non- equilibrium transport experiments. 3) Phase coherence in mesoscopic devices - measurement of persistent currents and screening in normal-metal rings, arrays and SQUIDS to study the role of phase coherence and scattering. %%% Phase-coherence effects in superconductors and in normal-metal "nanostructures" are important both in the development of high- sensitivity detectors and other electronic devices, and in the study of the fundamentals of condensed-matter physics. //