SGER: Development of the Plan for Long Term Impact Assessment of Recent War-Related Pollution Events in The Gulf: The Marine Chemistry Component

SGER：制定海湾地区近期与战争相关的污染事件的长期影响评估计划：海洋化学部分

• 批准号: 9116480
• 负责人: Kathryn Burns
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS), Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-06-01 至 1993-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9116480&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Development; Plan; Long; Term

The Gulf has long been recognized as an important biologically productive ecosystem which supports a diversity of coastal and oceanic habitats. These include mangroves, seagrass beds, reef flats, reefs and well as pelagic and benthic oceanic habitats. Commercial fisheries and shellfish industries provide income to regional fisherman and The Gulf provides a critical habitat to some endangered species including dugongs and birds. The massive oil spills and the depositions of oil burn products resulting from the 1991 war activities have potential for long term impact on both the oceanic and coastal biology. These events are superimposed on coastal habitat destruction due to military activities such as mines, bombs, vehicular movement and related mechanical disturbances. All of this additional stress must be assessed in the framework of the recent history of oil exploration and production activities and past wars. Many national and international groups have undertaken preliminary impact assessment work in the Northern Gulf. These include the USCG, US EPA, NOAA consultants sent by several UN agencies and regional Gulf state authorities. These efforts have been directed at initial animal rescue activities, clean up and assessment in coastal habitats. The UN agencies, in collaboration with ROPME, have intentions of developing and implementing a plan for the long term impact assessment of recent war related pollution and habitat destruction events on the marine ecology or The Gulf. To do this the UN requires input by appropriate expert. This effort will be conducted under the SGER Program to undertake this long range Plan Development regarding the marine chemical component.

海湾长期以来一直被认为是重要的生物生产力生态系统，支持沿海和海洋栖息地的多样性。 其中包括红树林、海草床、礁滩、珊瑚礁以及中上层和底栖海洋栖息地。 商业渔业和贝类产业为当地渔民提供了收入，海湾为儒艮和鸟类等一些濒危物种提供了重要的栖息地。 1991 年战争活动造成的大规模石油泄漏和石油燃烧产物的沉积可能对海洋和沿海生物产生长期影响。 这些事件叠加在由于地雷、炸弹、车辆移动和相关机械干扰等军事活动造成的沿海栖息地破坏之上。 所有这些额外的压力都必须在石油勘探和生产活动的近期历史以及过去的战争的框架内进行评估。 许多国家和国际团体已在北部湾开展了初步影响评估工作。 其中包括由多个联合国机构和海湾国家当局派出的美国海岸警卫队、美国环保署、美国国家海洋和大气管理局顾问。 这些努力主要针对沿海栖息地的初步动物救援活动、清理和评估。 联合国机构与 ROPME 合作，有意制定和实施一项计划，对近期与战争有关的污染和栖息地破坏事件对海洋生态或海湾的长期影响进行评估。 为此，联合国需要适当专家的投入。 这项工作将在 SGER 计划下进行，以开展有关海洋化学成分的长期计划制定。