Empirical Models of the Automobile Industry and Implications of a Carbon Tax

汽车行业的实证模型和碳税的影响

• 批准号: 9122672
• 负责人: Steven Berry
• 金额: $ 23.53万
• 依托单位: National Bureau of Economic Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-07-01 至 1994-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9122672&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Empirical; Models; Automobile; Industry; Implications

The purpose of this project is develop a methodology for empirically analyzing differentiated product industries, and apply it to study the changes that have occurred in the U.S. automobile industry over the last two decades. The general methodology has wide applicability, but the specifics of the model are tailored to auto industry application. Therefore, the project will have both a methodological and empirical output. The empirical goals are twofold: to come to a broad understanding of the changes that have occurred in the U.S. auto market during the last twenty years, and to provide an evaluation of public policies that have been suggested for this industry. Of particular interest is the impact of enviromnental regulation in the form of a carbon tax on the auto industry. This project involves developing an estimable static model of differentiated product markets. The key elements of the model are consumer preferences for the characteristics of marketed products, the cost functions of firms, and a market equilibrium assumption. The research focuses on three methodological concerns: to develop a tractable model of consumer behavior that allows for reasonable substitution patterns, to incorporate the presence of product characteristics which are unobserved by the researcher, and to account for the process by which firms choose the characteristics of new products. The resulting model will be used to analyze a series of important public concerns in the automobile industry including policies that aim to increase fuel efficiency, to regulate international trade, and to implement anti-trust laws. Because the model starts at the detailed micro level, it can provide results not only on the implications of these policies for prices and quantities, but also for the distribution of consumer welfare among income groups and the distribution of profits among producers.

本项目的目的是开发一种方法， 实证分析差异化产品行业， 用它来研究美国发生的变化。 汽车行业近二十年来 总 方法具有广泛的适用性，但具体的 模型是为汽车行业应用量身定制的。 因此 该项目将产生方法和经验方面的产出。 经验主义的目标有两个方面： 美国汽车市场发生的变化 在过去的二十年里，并提供一个评估公众 为这个行业提出的政策。 的 特别令人感兴趣的是环境管制对 对汽车行业征收碳税的形式。 该项目涉及开发一个可估计的静态模型， 差异化的产品市场。 模型的关键要素 是消费者对市场特征的偏好 产品，企业的成本函数和市场均衡 假设 研究主要集中在三个方面： 关注：开发一个易于处理的消费者行为模型， 考虑到合理的替代模式， 存在未观察到的产品特性 研究人员，并解释了企业选择的过程 新产品的特点。 由此产生的模型将是 用于分析一系列重要的公众关注的问题， 汽车工业，包括旨在增加燃料的政策， 提高效率，规范国际贸易， 反托拉斯法。 因为模型从微观细节开始 它不仅可以提供关于 这些政策的价格和数量，但也为 消费者福利在收入群体中的分配以及 生产者之间的利润分配。