Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Metastable Alloy Formation

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The thermodynamics and kinetics of metastable alloy formation are investigated in alloys formed by mechanical alloying, ion irradiation, and vapor deposition. Enthalpy and free energy calculations are performed that account for excess specific heat of an undercooled liquid. Effects of stress and structural relaxation on phase equilibria and reaction kinetics in thin film diffusion couples are studied by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. Electron irradiation of amorphous alloys in metastable equilibrium with terminal solution precipitates is employed to examine diffusion mechanisms in amorphous alloys and the effects of point defect supersaturation on phase equilibria. %%% This research is expected to advance our understanding of both the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of metastable alloy phase formation. These unusual materials can be made in large quantities and have commercial possibilities.