The Anchoring Problem in Surface Lightness Perception

表面亮度感知中的锚定问题

• 批准号: 9222104
• 负责人: Alan Gilchrist
• 金额: $ 26万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-03-15 至 1996-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9222104&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Anchoring; Problem; Surface; Lightness; Perception

This research is part of a broad effort to determine the means by which the human visual system processes the pattern of light falling on the retina, in order to determine the white, gray or black level of surfaces within a person's field of view. It is generally accepted that perceived surface gray levels are based on relative light intensities extracted from intensity gradients in the retinal image, but little is known about how these relative intensities are anchored, that is, processed to yield the specific shades of gray that we see. Strictly speaking, relative intensities provide information only about relative shades of gray. Absolute shades of gray can be derived only with the addition of an anchoring rule. For instance, in many scenes the visual system automatically treats the highest intensity as white. This can be demonstrated under the simplest conditions by placing an observer's head inside a large dome, half of the interior of which is painted black and half of which is painted gray. The gray part will appear white and the black part will appear gray, consistent with the highest-intensity-as-white rule. However, if an observer's head is placed within a uniformly painted black dome containing a white disk at its center, the black dome appears white and the disk appears luminous. This would follow from a rule by which white is assigned to the surrounding region, not to the highest intensity. In this research, human observers will be placed in a variety of visual environments, chosen to distinguish different potential anchoring rules. These will include simple patterns on large plastic domes that completely surround the viewer, more complex lab displays, computer simulated displays, and on-site natural scenes. Analysis of how the anchoring rules change as the visual field becomes increasingly complex may well fill an important gap in the modelling of surface color perception.

这项研究是一项广泛努力的一部分， 人类视觉系统处理光的模式 落在视网膜上，以确定白色、灰色或 在人的视野内的表面的黑色水平。 是 一般认为，感知的表面灰度级是基于 相对光强度提取的强度梯度， 视网膜图像，但很少有人知道这些相对 强度被锚定，也就是说，被处理以产生特定的 我们看到的灰色阴影。 严格来说，相对 强度仅提供关于灰度的相对阴影的信息。 灰度的绝对阴影只能通过添加 锚定规则 例如，在许多场景中，视觉系统 自动将最高强度视为白色。 这可以 在最简单的条件下，通过放置观察者的 头在一个大圆顶，其中一半的内部是画 黑色一半是灰色 灰色部分将出现 白色和黑色部分将出现灰色，符合 最高强度白色规则。 然而，如果观察者的头部 放置在一个均匀涂成黑色的圆顶内， 在其中心的磁盘，黑色圆顶出现白色和磁盘 看起来很亮。 这将遵循一条规则，即白色是 分配给周围区域，而不是最高强度。 在这项研究中，人类观察者将被放置在各种环境中 视觉环境，选择来区分不同的潜在 锚定规则 这些将包括大的简单模式 完全包围观众的塑料圆顶，更复杂的实验室 显示器、计算机模拟显示器和现场自然场景。 分析锚定规则如何随视野变化 变得越来越复杂，很可能填补了一个重要的空白， 表面颜色感知的建模。