Response to Crowding and Vegetation Shade in Impatiens capensis: Genetic Variation and Fitness Consequences

凤仙花对拥挤和植被遮荫的反应：遗传变异和适应性后果

• 批准号: 9306637
• 负责人: Johanna Schmitt
• 金额: $ 28.6万
• 依托单位: Brown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-10-15 至 1998-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9306637&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Response; Crowding; Vegetation; Shade; Impatiens

9306637 Schmitt Many plants display striking stem elongation and other morphological responses to the reduced ratio of red to far red light (R:FR) characteristic of vegetation shade; recent physiological studies have shown that these responses can be induced by the R:FR of light reflected onto plant stems by neighbors. Plant physiologists have suggested that shoot elongation in response to reduced R:FR is advantageous because it enables plants to sense and avoid competition for light. On the other hand, shoot elongation is thought to be disadvantageous at low density. The study proposed here will provide the first test of these predictions in an evolutionary context. By examining the relationship between elongation and fitness at manipulated densities in natural populations of the common native annual Impatiens capensis (jewelweed or touch me not), Dr. Schmitt will determine whether elongation in response to low R:FR is favored in crowded stands, but disadvantageous at low density. Moreover, by using R:FR to induce or inhibit elongation, the performance of experimental plants with "appropriate" and "inappropriate" morphologies can be compared both at low density and in dense canopies. Dr. Schmitt will also examine genetic variation in response to R:FR within and between natural populations to determine the potential for this trait to evolve and test for adaptive differentiation in response to light quality among pop ulations. The integration of quantitative genetic analysis, studies of population differentiation and adaptation, and direct measurement of selection in different environments will provide valuable information about the evolution of an ecologically important functional trait. This research will integrate genetic, physiological, and population biology approaches to the study of adaptive plasticity, and will introduce physiological methods for using R:FR to manipulate morphology to plant population biologists. %%% The results will contribute to understanding how plants interact in natural communities and will provide an ecological and evolutionary context for current research on the molecular genetics and physiology of plant responses to light spectral quality. This work will also be relevant to agriculture and forestry because it will provide useful information about how response to R:FR affects performance and yield in dense stands.

9306637 Schmitt 许多植物表现出惊人的茎伸长和其他形态响应，以减少植被遮荫特征的红光与远红光（R：FR）的比率；最近的生理学研究表明，这些反应可以由邻居反射到植物茎上的光的 R:FR 引起。 植物生理学家认为，R:FR 降低导致枝条伸长是有利的，因为它使植物能够感知并避免对光的竞争。 另一方面，枝条伸长被认为在低密度下是不利的。 这里提出的研究将为这些预测在进化背景下进行首次测试。 通过研究普通本土一年生凤仙花（宝石草或别碰我）自然种群在操纵密度下的伸长率和适应性之间的关系，施密特博士将确定响应低 R:FR 的伸长率是否在拥挤的林中有利，但在低密度下不利。 此外，通过使用 R:FR 诱导或抑制伸长，可以在低密度和密集冠层下比较具有“适当”和“不适当”形态的实验植物的性能。 Schmitt 博士还将检查自然种群内部和之间对 R:FR 反应的遗传变异，以确定该性状进化的潜力，并测试种群间对光质量的适应性分化。 定量遗传分析、种群分化和适应研究以及不同环境中选择的直接测量的整合将为生态重要功能性状的进化提供有价值的信息。 这项研究将整合遗传、生理和群体生物学方法来研究适应性可塑性，并向植物群体生物学家介绍使用 R:FR 操纵形态的生理学方法。 %%% 结果将有助于了解植物如何在自然群落中相互作用，并将为当前植物对光谱质量反应的分子遗传学和生理学研究提供生态和进化背景。 这项工作也将与农业和林业相关，因为它将提供有关 R:FR 响应如何影响密集林分的性能和产量的有用信息。