Study of Multi-Institutional Collaborations

多机构合作研究

• 批准号: 9311121
• 负责人: Joan Warnow
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: American Institute of Physics
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-08-15 至 1997-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9311121&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Study; Multi; Institutional; Collaborations

9311121 Warnow "Big" science has now reached the point where no one institution can supply the financial resources, personnel or equipment to undertake a research project. 200 or more authors are not uncommon in publications resulting from these projects. The authors come together from many different institutions in order to form temporary collaborations of varying durations. How do they operate? How do they communicate? How do the senior leaders in the project exercise control over the more junior investigators? These and many other questions need to be answered if we are to understand how big science operates. Under the direction of Ms. Warnow, the AIP Center for History of Physics has completed two phases of a three phase study of multi- institutional collaborative research in different areas of physics. Under two prior grants, the AIP has intensively studied collaborations in high-energy physics, space science, and geophysics. Under this third grant, the AIP is modifying its approach to the study of collaborations in order to promote a comparative perspective and to develop policies and recommendations to improve documentation of such collaborations generally. Under Ms. Warnow's leadership, the AIP team is investigating ten fields of science and technology that have used multi-institutional collaborations from the mid-1970's to the present. These fields include not only physics but also biology, chemistry, and computer science. The staff are conducting a total of 90 interviews--enough to develop a profile of organizational structure, operational functions, and patterns of communication of collaborations in each field. Interview subjects include not only scientists but also administrators and technical support staff. They are using a single question set to solicit easily compared data from interviewees on the basis patterns they have seen. Three reports will result from this study: (1) A report on multi-institutional collaborations over recent d ecades to the present; (2) Guidelines for the appraisal of records created by multi-institutional collaborations; and (3) A summary and a set of final recommendations to serve the needs of archivists and policy makers in the scientific community. The oral history recordings and transcripts will be accessible in the AIP Center's Niels Bohr Library. ***

9311121 Warnow“大”科学现在已经到了没有一个机构能够提供财政资源、人员或设备来承担一个研究项目的地步。 200名或更多的作者在这些项目产生的出版物中并不罕见。 作者来自许多不同的机构，以形成不同期限的临时合作。 他们是如何运作的？ 他们是怎么交流的？ 项目中的高级领导人如何控制较低级的调查人员？ 如果我们要理解大科学是如何运作的，就需要回答这些和其他许多问题。 在Warnow女士的指导下，AIP物理学史中心已经完成了在物理学不同领域进行多机构合作研究的三个阶段中的两个阶段。 在先前的两项赠款下，AIP深入研究了高能物理，空间科学和电子物理学方面的合作。 在这第三笔赠款下，AIP正在修改其研究合作的方法，以促进比较视角，并制定政策和建议，以改善对此类合作的总体记录。 在Warnow女士的领导下，AIP团队正在调查从20世纪70年代中期到现在使用多机构合作的十个科学和技术领域。这些领域不仅包括物理学，还包括生物学、化学和计算机科学。工作人员共进行了90次访谈，足以了解每个领域的组织结构、业务职能和协作沟通模式。 访谈对象不仅包括科学家，还包括管理人员和技术支持人员。 他们使用一个单一的问题集，根据受访者所看到的基本模式，从受访者那里获得易于比较的数据。 本研究将产生三份报告：（1）关于最近几十年来多机构合作的报告;（2）多机构合作创建的记录评估指南;（3）为满足科学界档案工作者和决策者的需求而提出的总结和一套最终建议。口述历史录音和文字记录将在AIP中心的尼尔斯·波尔图书馆提供。 ***