Measurements of the Charge, Size, and Type of Thunderstorm Precipitation Particles

雷暴降水粒子的电荷、尺寸和类型的测量

• 批准号: 9311749
• 负责人: Thomas Marshall
• 金额: $ 16.01万
• 依托单位: University of Mississippi
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-12-01 至 1997-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9311749&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Measurements; Charge; Size; Type; Thunderstorm

9311749 Marshall The objective of this research is to see if the charge on precipitation is primarily responsible for the electricity in thunderstorms. Toward this end, the investigators propose to analyze data of the charge, size, and two-dimensional shape of precipitation particles collected inside ten Florida thunderstorms during the 1991 Convection and Precipitation/Electrification Experiment (CaPE). These data are especially important because of the measurements in the temperature range from -5o to -20oC; this region has not been well studied despite suggestions that much of the charge in storms is generated there. From the shape measurements the proposers can determine the type of precipitation particle: raindrop, snowflake, hailstone, or graupel. They can then determine the polarity and amount of charge carried on different types of particles. The PIs will collaborate with colleagues at the National Center of Atmospheric Research (NCAR) to look for influences on particle charges by temperature, cloud liquid water content, cloud particle types and numbers, updrafts and downdrafts, position in the cloud, etc. They will compare the electric fields measured by the sailplane to the electric field expected from the measured particle charges; comparable fields will suggest the precipitation carries most of the charge in that part of the storm. The PIs will collaborate with NCAR colleagues and other CaPE researchers using radar data to place the precipitation measurements in their correct storm context by superimposing sailplane tracks on reflectivity data and on wind fields from multiple Doppler radar analyses. ***

马歇尔9311749 这项研究的目的是看看是否降水的电荷是雷暴中的主要原因。 为此，研究人员建议分析1991年对流和降水/带电实验（CaPE）期间收集的10场佛罗里达雷暴内降水粒子的电荷、大小和二维形状的数据。 这些数据特别重要，因为测量的温度范围是-5 ° C到-20 ° C;尽管有人认为风暴中的大部分电荷都是在那里产生的，但这一区域还没有得到很好的研究。 根据形状测量，建议者可以确定降水粒子的类型：雨滴，雪花，冰雹或<$斗。 然后，他们可以确定不同类型粒子上携带的电荷的极性和数量。 PI将与国家大气研究中心（NCAR）的同事合作，寻找温度、云液态水含量、云粒子类型和数量、上升气流和下降气流、云中位置等对粒子电荷的影响。可比较的场将表明，降水携带了风暴那一部分的大部分电荷。 PI将与NCAR同事和其他CaPE研究人员合作，使用雷达数据将降水测量结果置于正确的风暴背景下，方法是将滑翔机轨迹叠加在反射率数据和风场上，这些数据来自多个多普勒雷达分析。 ***