Craniofacial Development in Eutherian and Metatherian Mammals

真兽类和后兽类哺乳动物的颅面发育

• 批准号: 9407616
• 负责人: Kathleen Smith
• 金额: $ 15.55万
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-09-01 至 1998-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9407616&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Craniofacial; Development; Eutherian; Metatherian; Mammals

9407216 Smith Embryonic development in marsupial and placental mammals differs in a number of ways, one of the most important being that marsupials are born at an essentially embryonic stage. In previous studies, the PI has examined the morphological consequences of this pattern, with focus on what morphological adaptations allow marsupials to survive at such a premature level. In these previous studies a number of hypotheses about significant differences in the way marsupial and placental mammals develop were presented. In the current study some of these hypotheses will be tested. These are three specific aims. Specific aim 1 will test the hypothesis that the growth and differentiation of the brain controls or constrains the development of neurocranial skeletal tissues. To this end the interface and interaction between neural and skeletal tissues will be examined in detail in a variety of morphological ways. Specific aims 2 will examine the differentiation of cranial skeletal tissues at a molecular level. A number of extracellular matrix proteins as well as bone specific molecules are important in accumulation of these molecules will be examined using in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry. This study will provide information on the mechanisms of bone formation. Specific aim 3 will test the hypothesis that patterns of development observed in previously studied systems are characteristic for other placental and marsupial mammals with broad-based comparative studies of development in a variety of mammals. This study will provide information on the variation in the ways that the skull can develop in mammals. This project is expected to provide basic data on the interaction of tissues during embryonic development and on the constraints that these interactions place on the evolutionary diversification of the skull in mammals. ***

小行星9407216 有袋类和胎盘类哺乳动物的胚胎发育有许多不同之处，其中最重要的是有袋类出生时基本上处于胚胎阶段。在以前的研究中，PI已经研究了这种模式的形态后果，重点是什么形态适应允许有袋动物在这样一个过早的水平上生存。在这些先前的研究中，提出了许多关于有袋类和胎盘类哺乳动物发育方式显著差异的假设。在本研究中，将对其中一些假设进行检验。这是三个具体目标。 具体目标1将检验大脑的生长和分化控制或限制神经颅骨骼组织发育的假设。为此，神经和骨骼组织之间的接口和相互作用将详细检查在各种形态学的方式。 具体目标2将在分子水平上研究颅骨骨骼组织的分化。一些细胞外基质蛋白以及骨特异性分子在这些分子的积累中是重要的，将使用原位杂交和免疫细胞化学进行检查。这项研究将提供有关骨形成机制的信息。 具体目标3将测试的假设，即在以前研究的系统中观察到的发展模式是其他胎盘和有袋类哺乳动物的特点，在各种哺乳动物的发展进行了广泛的比较研究。这项研究将提供有关哺乳动物头骨发育方式变化的信息。 预计该项目将提供关于胚胎发育期间组织相互作用的基本数据，以及这些相互作用对哺乳动物头骨进化多样化的限制。 ***