Dissertation Research: Developmental Maintenance of Evolutionary Conservatism: A Comparative and Experimental Analysis of Sphenoid Skeletogenesis in Birds and Mammals

论文研究：进化保守主义的发育维持：鸟类和哺乳动物蝶骨骨骼发生的比较和实验分析

• 批准号: 9701104
• 负责人: Kathleen Smith
• 金额: $ 0.88万
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-06-15 至 1998-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9701104&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Developmental; Maintenance; Evolutionary

Smith 9701104 Basic mechanisms underlying morphological conservation are not well understood. While some anatomical regions undergo major evolutionary transformations, others are resistant to change. The relations among structures in one part of the vertebrae head, the sphenoid region, have remained constant during five hundred million years of evolution despite numerous modifications in other parts of the skull. Classical comparative anatomy and contemporary molecular and cellular approaches are combined to investigate morphogenetic processes involved in pattering the sphenoid skeleton and t characterize developmental properties that may enable evolutionary conservation of this region across vertebrates. Two complementary studies are proposed. The first identifies specific elements that are important in pattering the sphenoid skeleton. Previously performed experiments such as gene knockouts, surgical manipulations, and teratogen treatments are analyzed to generate data on how perturbations to the neural tube, notochord, trigeminal nerve, and pituitary gland affect the sphenoid skeleton possess intrinsic patterning information. This involves new experimental transplantations of neural crest and mesodermal cells. This investigation 1) provides and understanding of how morphogenetic events affect skeletal patterning, 2) gives new insights on the integration of complex cranial structures, and 3) contributes important examples to the study of developmental interactions in morphological evolution.

史密斯9701104 形态保护的基本机制尚未得到很好的理解。 虽然一些解剖区域经历了重大的进化转变，但其他解剖区域则抗拒变化。 尽管头骨的其他部分发生了许多变化，但在五亿年的进化过程中，椎骨头部的一部分，即蝶骨区域，结构之间的关系一直保持不变。 经典的比较解剖学和当代的分子和细胞的方法相结合，调查形态发生过程中参与模式化的蝶骨骨架和t表征的发展特性，可能使整个脊椎动物的进化保护这一地区。 提出了两项互补的研究。 第一个确定的特定元素是重要的模式蝶骨骨骼。 以前进行的实验，如基因敲除，手术操作，致畸剂治疗进行分析，以产生的数据如何扰动神经管，脊索，三叉神经，脑垂体影响蝶骨骨骼具有内在的图案信息。 这涉及到神经嵴和中胚层细胞的新的实验移植。 这项研究1）提供了形态发生事件如何影响骨骼模式的理解，2）提供了复杂的颅骨结构整合的新见解，3）为形态进化中发育相互作用的研究提供了重要的例子。