Industrial Productivity and Air Quality Regulation

工业生产力和空气质量调节

• 批准号: 9422440
• 负责人: J. Vernon Henderson
• 金额: $ 22.18万
• 依托单位: National Bureau of Economic Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-03-01 至 1999-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9422440&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Industrial; Productivity; Air; Quality; Regulation

9422440 Henderson This project has two interrelated parts. The first examines the effect of air quality regulation on decisions of firms concerning the location of their plants, the scheduling of production, and the size of their plants. The project tests the hypotheses that implementation of air quality regulations has led firms to move plants from more polluted locations to less polluted locations, move plants from states with more intense implementation of regulations to those with easier conditions, implicitly reschedule economic activity over the course of the day to help minimize extreme value air quality readings, and downsize plants to avoid regulatory scrutiny. The results of this study will improve our understanding of the unintended and overall effects of environmental regulatory activity. Specifically, the investigation will help show whether the Clean Air Act reduces emissions or just moves them around. The second part involves a more extensive examination of plant productivity determinants and location decisions of firms. The focus of the work is first on establishing the existence of dynamic externalities which help bind clusters of plants to the same locations over the years and then on quantifying the magnitude and length (lag structure) to dynamic externalities. Dynamic externalities are a critical component to determining the mobility and productivity of plants and to understanding the organization of production across space and within corporations. This project uses EPA and County Business Patterns data collected under prior NSF projects and longitudinal individual firm and plant data, available through the EPA and through the Center for Economic Studies (CES) of the Census Bureau in the Research Data Center at the Boston regional office.

9422440亨德森 这个项目有两个相互关联的部分。 第一个研究的影响，空气质量管制的决定，公司有关的位置，他们的工厂，生产计划，和他们的工厂的规模。 该项目测试的假设是，空气质量法规的实施导致企业将工厂从污染较严重的地方转移到污染较轻的地方，将工厂从法规实施较严格的州转移到条件较宽松的州，隐含地重新安排经济活动在一天的过程中，以帮助最大限度地减少极端值空气质量读数，并缩小工厂规模以避免监管审查。 这项研究的结果将提高我们的理解的意外和整体影响的环境监管活动。 具体来说，这项调查将有助于显示《清洁空气法》是减少了排放量，还是只是将排放量转移了。 第二部分涉及更广泛的审查工厂生产率的决定因素和企业的选址决定。 这项工作的重点首先是建立动态外部性的存在，这有助于多年来将工厂集群绑定到同一地点，然后量化动态外部性的大小和长度（滞后结构）。 动态外部性是决定工厂的流动性和生产力以及理解跨空间和公司内部的生产组织的关键组成部分。 该项目使用了在先前的NSF项目下收集的EPA和县商业模式数据以及纵向个体公司和工厂数据，这些数据可通过EPA和波士顿地区办事处研究数据中心的人口普查局经济研究中心（CES）获得。