Ecologic Novelty in Taxonomic Diversification: Evolution of Photosymbiosis in Planktic Foraminifera

分类多样化的生态新颖性：浮游有孔虫光共生的进化

• 批准号: 9505836
• 负责人: Richard Norris
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-04-15 至 1998-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9505836&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ecologic; Novelty; Taxonomic; Diversification; Evolution

Norris 9505836 The relationship between ecologica and morphological diversification is currently much in debate. There is an increasing body of work that suggests that much speciation occurs in the absence of any change in ecology. This paradigm suggests that most speciation takes place by the passive erection of barriers to dispersal. In contrast, concepts such as "adaptive zone" imply that much speciation occurs when taxa evolve "key innovations" that permit them to scale unoccupied adative peaks. From this perspective, diversification is an active process mediated by changes in ecological strategies. Research will focus on phylogenetic and ecologic study of the globigerinid clade--the largest exant group of photosymbiotic foraminifera. The proposed study will use stable isotope methods to deduce the occurrence of photosymbiosis in extinct foraminifera and then map this ecological information onto a phylogenetic tree. It should be easy to disprove the key-innovation hypothesis if the results demonstrate that symbiosis was acquired long before or after the globigerinid radiation began or if photosymbiotic and non-symbiotic sister groups have similar evolutionary histories. Moreover, any linkage between symbiosis and taxonomic diversification can be tested by comparing patterns of radiation in symbiotic and non-symbiotic sister groups in Neogene globigerinids with a mostly complete data set for the photosymbiotic Paleocene morozovellids. The results may provide insights on the evolutionary role of photosymbiosis in other groups as well as chemosymbiosis in mollusc and other invertebrates.

诺里斯9505836 生态学和形态多样性之间的关系目前有很多争论。 越来越多的研究表明，许多物种形成是在生态没有任何变化的情况下发生的。 这一范式表明，大多数物种形成是通过被动地建立扩散障碍而发生的。 相反，“适应区”等概念意味着当分类群进化出“关键创新”，使它们能够攀登无人居住的适应峰时，就会发生许多物种形成。 从这个角度来看，多样化是一个积极的过程，由生态战略的变化介导。 研究将侧重于globigerinid分支的系统发育和生态研究-现存最大的光共生有孔虫群。 这项研究将利用稳定同位素方法推断已灭绝有孔虫中光共生现象的发生，然后将这些生态信息映射到系统发育树上。 如果研究结果表明共生现象是在globigerinid辐射开始之前或之后很久才获得的，或者如果光共生和非共生姐妹群体具有相似的进化历史，那么反驳关键创新假说应该很容易。 此外，共生和分类多样化之间的任何联系可以通过比较辐射模式的共生和非共生的姐妹群体在新近纪globigerinids与一个基本完整的数据集的光共生古新世morozovellids进行测试。 这些结果可能会提供见解的进化作用的光共生在其他群体以及化学共生在软体动物和其他无脊椎动物。