Dissertation Research: Population Genetics and the Distribution of mtDNA Diversity in Asian Primate Genera

论文研究：亚洲灵长类属群体遗传学和线粒体DNA多样性分布

• 批准号: 9522052
• 负责人: Don Melnick
• 金额: $ 0.7万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-03-01 至 1997-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9522052&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Population; Genetics; Distribution

The relationships between populations of a species, and between closely related species, have often been estimated through the analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). This study will test a key assumption on which conclusions from past mitochondrial DNA based phylogenies have rested. The assumption is that the amount of mtDNA variation across an entire species is negligible. This assumption is critical to the reconstruction of phylogenies and the interpretation of evolutionary histories, especially those of primates. Contrary to this assumption, within the female philopatric macaques, significant mtDNA variation exists within the same species. Unlike macaques, leaf monkeys exhibit female dispersal. Additionally, there are species within each genus that have similar geographic distributions. Through mtDNA analysis of two such species in each genus, we propose to: (1) examine the effects of female dispersal on distributions of mtDNA diversity (geography held constant); (2) assess the effects of geographic distribution on mitochondrial genetic structure within each genus (female dispersal held constant); and (3) determine whether the 'macaque' model of mtDNA population structure can be broadly applied to other higher primates. Hence, a mtDNA analysis of selected macaque and leaf monkey species pairs provides a naturally controlled situation in which to examine the effects of female dispersal on population structure based on maternally inherited mtDNA. This study uniquely examines the relationship between social organization and the dynamics of mtDNA evolution in higher primates. The information obtained will be crucial to recognizing limitations of mtDNA analysis for inferring primate phylogenies and evolutionary histories.

一个物种的种群之间以及密切相关物种之间的关系通常是通过线粒体DNA(MtDNA)的分析来估计的。这项研究将检验一个关键假设，该假设是过去基于线粒体DNA的系统发育的结论所依据的。假设线粒体DNA在整个物种中的变异量可以忽略不计。这一假设对于重建系统发育和解释进化史，特别是灵长类的进化史至关重要。与这一假设相反，雌性博爱猕猴在同一物种内存在显著的mtDNA变异。与猕猴不同，叶猴表现出雌性扩散。此外，每个属中都有地理分布相似的物种。通过对每个属中两个这样的物种的线粒体DNA分析，我们建议：(1)研究雌性扩散对线粒体DNA多样性分布的影响(地理保持不变)；(2)评估地理分布对每个属内线粒体遗传结构的影响(雌性扩散保持不变)；以及(3)确定线粒体DNA种群结构的‘猕猴’模型是否可以广泛应用于其他高等灵长类动物。因此，对选定的猕猴和叶猴物种对的mtDNA分析提供了一种自然控制的情况，在这种情况下，基于母系遗传的mtDNA来检查雌性扩散对种群结构的影响。这项研究独一无二地考察了社会组织与高等灵长类动物线粒体DNA进化动力学之间的关系。所获得的信息将是认识线粒体DNA分析在推断灵长类系统发育和进化史方面的局限性的关键。