Cooperative Research: Local Tsunami Effects and Their Mitigation Measures

合作研究：当地海啸影响及其缓解措施

• 批准号: 9528054
• 负责人: Jane Preuss
• 金额: $ 7.02万
• 依托单位: Urban Regional Research
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-10-01 至 2000-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9528054&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Cooperative; Research; Local; Tsunami; Effects

9614120 Yeh Earthquakes which occur on ocean floors set in motion the entire water column above the region of tectonic plate motion, generating a tsunami (seismic sea wave). Such waves, when approaching shore, can reach a height of more than 10 meters and can cause extensive flooding, property damage, and the loss of human lives. This action is to support a comprehensive research program to understand local tsunami effects on man-made and natural structures. Particular emphasis is placed on understanding tsunami-structure interactions that can lead to effective damage mitigation measures. The program includes computational, experimental, and mitigation components conducted by research teams at Southern Methodist University, the University of Washington, and Urban Regional Research, respectively. The new robust method for the numerical simulation of waves and their interaction with structures developed at Southern Methodist University is used to simulate transient tsunami flows over and around coastal structures. The highly sensitive capacitance-type wave gage, and the optical water-surface profiler developed at the University of Washington is used to conduct tsunami experiments in a specialized three- dimensional wave basin. The direct field experience of Urban Regional Research in the assessment of tsunami damage and the identification of vulnerability patterns guides the computational and experimental research. The collaborative effort enables the development of tsunami mitigation measures. The set of laboratory experiments and numerical simulations are sufficiently simple that the basic physics of tsunami actions on structures can be explored. At the same time, the experimental set-up and choice of problems is realistic, so that the results provide the means for the design and modification of shoreline structures. Throughout the research, full advantage is taken of the multi-disciplinary nature of the research team. The analyses of actual tsunami even ts guides the numerical and experimental efforts by focusing the proposed investigations on the most practical and relevant problems for tsunami hazard reduction. The intended, primary impact of the proposed research is the mitigation of the devastating consequences of tsunami events, including loss of human life, destruction of property, damage to the environment, economic disruption, and social dislocation. ***

9614120 Yeh发生在海底的地震使构造板块运动区域以上的整个水柱运动，产生海啸（地震海浪）。这种海浪在接近海岸时，可以达到10米以上的高度，并可能造成大范围的洪水、财产损失和生命损失。这项行动是为了支持一个全面的研究项目，以了解当地海啸对人造和自然结构的影响。特别强调了解海啸与结构之间的相互作用，从而采取有效的减轻损害措施。该项目包括计算、实验和缓解部分，分别由南卫理公会大学、华盛顿大学和城市区域研究中心的研究团队进行。采用南卫理公会大学开发的波浪及其与结构相互作用数值模拟新方法，模拟了沿海结构上和周围的瞬态海啸流。利用华盛顿大学研制的高灵敏度电容式波计和光学水面剖面仪，在专门的三维波盆中进行了海啸实验。城市区域研究在评估海啸损害和确定脆弱性模式方面的直接实地经验指导了计算和实验研究。这一合作努力有助于制定减轻海啸的措施。这套实验室实验和数值模拟非常简单，可以探索海啸对结构作用的基本物理。同时，实验设置和问题选择具有较强的现实性，为岸线构筑物的设计和改造提供了参考依据。在整个研究过程中，充分利用了研究团队的多学科性质。对实际海啸的分析甚至可以指导数值和实验工作，将建议的调查重点放在减少海啸危害的最实际和最相关的问题上。拟议研究的预期主要影响是减轻海啸事件的破坏性后果，包括人命损失、财产破坏、环境破坏、经济破坏和社会混乱。＊＊＊