Sensory Exploitation and Epigamic Selection

感官利用和史诗选择

• 批准号: 9601042
• 负责人: Scott Sakaluk
• 金额: $ 15.15万
• 依托单位: Board of Trustees of Illinois State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-08-01 至 2000-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9601042&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Sensory; Exploitation; Epigamic; Selection

ABSTRACT PI: Sakaluk Proposal Number: 9601042 Insects have a profound impact on the human condition as vectors of disease organisms, pests of stored products and agricultural crops, and pollinators of plants. An important facet of the biology of insects that accounts for their remarkable abundance and diversity is their ability to respond genetically to novel environmental challenges, be they natural or man made (e.g., pesticides). This ability is predicated in part on the extent to which females of a wide variety of species retain control of gamete transfer and usage, and thereby influence the paternity and genetic makeup of their offspring. But what characteristics of males influence this cryptic selection process by female insects, and how do offspring benefit from their particular genetic endowments: The proposal seeks to understand those aspects of the reproductive physiology and behavior of female insects that leads to increased survival and fitness of offspring. Although an understanding of these reproductive processes has obvious practical ramifications for the management and control of insects, they also address important biological hypotheses concerning the coexistence of male traits and female reproductive processes. One hypothesis proposes that certain male traits arise because they exploit built-in sensory biases of females. A competing hypothesis suggests that male traits arise because they accurately signal a male's genetic makeup. These hypotheses will be tested through experimental exploitation of female sensory makeup. These hypotheses will be tested through experimental exploitation of female sensory capabilities, and by examining the reproductive success of females whose offspring have been sired by different males and hence, differ in their genetic makeup.

摘要昆虫作为疾病生物的媒介、储藏产品和农作物的害虫以及植物的传粉者，对人类的生存环境有着深远的影响。昆虫生物学的一个重要方面是它们对新的环境挑战作出遗传反应的能力，无论是自然的还是人为的（例如杀虫剂）。这种能力在一定程度上取决于各种物种的雌性对配子转移和使用的控制程度，从而影响其后代的父权和基因构成。但是，雄性昆虫的哪些特征影响了雌性昆虫的这种隐蔽选择过程，以及后代如何从它们特殊的遗传天赋中受益：该提案试图理解雌性昆虫的生殖生理和行为的那些方面，这些方面导致后代的存活率和适应性增加。虽然对这些生殖过程的理解对昆虫的管理和控制具有明显的实际影响，但它们也解决了关于雄性特征和雌性生殖过程共存的重要生物学假设。一种假说认为，某些男性特征的出现是因为它们利用了女性固有的感官偏见。另一种与之竞争的假说认为，男性特征的出现是因为它们准确地表明了男性的基因构成。这些假设将通过对女性感官构成的实验开发来检验。这些假设将通过对雌性感官能力的实验开发，并通过检查由不同雄性所生的雌性的繁殖成功率，从而在基因组成上存在差异。