Predictive Modelling in Audition

我打算研究我们如何理解和预测这个世界。例如，当我坐在办公桌前时，我可以看到和听到办公室内外的事情，采取行动使事情发生，并预测将要发生的事情。为了研究我们是如何做这些事情的，我专注于听觉的预测建模。我想挑战两种传统观点，并综合一种有关心理过程的新视角。一种观点是通过系统自动编码和监控我们所听到的内在规则。我假设这个系统特别适合从当前声音的规律中得出即将到来的声音的预测。另一种观点是系统通过内部正演建模来衰减自生声音。我假设这个系统是高度灵活的并且超越了运动行为。此外，我计划指出这两个系统的相似之处，因为它们都建立和测试预测，并将它们与其他领域（如内隐学习和细心规则处理）的预测建模进行比较。计划中的研究采用实验方法，重点放在计时功能方面（通过行为测量、事件相关电位和振荡脑电图活动），但也将考虑结构方面（通过功能成像）。在更大的范围内，本研究将有助于确立预测在认知心理学和信息处理认知神经科学中的重要作用。

I plan to research how we make sense of and predict the world. For example, as I sit at my desk, I can see and hear things outside and inside the office, act to make things happen, and anticipate what is going to happen. To study how we do these things, I focus on predictive modelling in hearing. I want to challenge two traditional views and to synthesize a new perspective on the mental processes involved. One view is over the system automatically encoding and monitoring rules inherent in what we hear. I hypothesize that this system is especially suited to deriving predictions about forthcoming sounds from regularities in current sounds. The other view is over the system attenuating self-generated sounds via internal forward modelling. I hypothesize that this system is highly flexible and extends beyond motor behavior. Moreover, I plan to bring out the similarities in both systems, in that both establish and test predictions, and to compare them to predictive modelling in other domains such as implicit learning and attentive rule processing. The planned research takes an experimental approach with an emphasis on chronometric functional aspects (tapped by behavioral measures, event-related potentials, and oscillatory EEG activity) but will also consider structural aspects (tapped by functional imaging). On a larger scale, this research will help to establish the essential role of predictions in the cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience of information processing.