Collaborative Research: Lake Baikal Drilling Project: High Resolution Studies of Paleoclimate Change in South-Central Siberia During the Plio-Pleistocene

合作研究：贝加尔湖钻探项目：上里奥-更新世期间西伯利亚中南部古气候变化的高分辨率研究

• 批准号: 9614770
• 负责人: Douglas Williams
• 金额: $ 102.18万
• 依托单位: University of South Carolina at Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-08-01 至 2001-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9614770&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Lake; Baikal; Drilling

9614770 Williams This Project will involve the completion of the Principal Investigator's scientific investigation of high resolution signals of paleoclimate change recorded in Plio-Pleistocene sediments of Lake Baikal. The Baikal Drilling Project (BDP) is a multinational effort (Russia, Japan, Germany, USA) to extract the record of global climate change and tectonic evolution of the Lake Baikal sedimentary basin. Historically, the BDP began in 1989 as a joint Russian-American scientific venture. In January 1993, the BDP team, in cooperation with the NEDRA Drilling Enterprise of Yaroslavl, Russia, successfully deployed a light-weight drilling rig from a barge frozen into position on the Lake. With this system, the first long (100m) hydraulic piston cores were successfully recovered from two holes in 354m water depth providing climate data spanning the last 600,000 years. In January-March 1996 technological improvements of the BDP drilling system made by NEDRA enabled drilling to a subbottom depth of 250m, providing data on climate change up to 4.5 million years ago. Planned drilling will examine the response of Siberia's energy balance to the initiation and intensification of northern hemisphere glaciation (3 - 2.8 Ma) and the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. One of the important hypotheses to be tested is the extent to which the long- term climatic evolution of Siberia has influenced the distribution of tundra and wetlands in central Asia and thus affected the global methane balance. ***

该项目将包括完成首席研究员对贝加尔湖上新世-更新世沉积物中记录的高分辨率古气候变化信号的科学调查。贝加尔湖钻探项目（BDP）是一个由俄罗斯、日本、德国、美国等多国参与的项目，旨在提取贝加尔湖沉积盆地的全球气候变化和构造演化记录。从历史上看，和平与发展党成立于1989年，是一个俄美联合的科学企业。1993年1月，石油开发计划署小组同俄罗斯雅罗斯拉夫尔的NEDRA钻井企业合作，成功地从冻结在湖上的驳船上部署了一个轻型钻井平台。利用该系统，成功地从水深354米的两个孔中回收了第一个长（100米）的液压活塞岩心，提供了过去60万年的气候数据。1996年1月至3月，NEDRA对BDP钻井系统进行了技术改进，使钻井深度达到了250米，提供了450万年前气候变化的数据。计划中的钻探将检验西伯利亚的能量平衡对北半球冰期开始和加剧的反应。需要验证的一个重要假设是西伯利亚的长期气候演变在多大程度上影响了中亚冻土带和湿地的分布，从而影响了全球甲烷平衡。＊＊＊