Intragroup Socialization and Intergroup Perceptions

项目描述。长期以来，群体内部过程和群体间感知一直是社会科学家和整个社会关注的中心问题。对群体内部过程感兴趣的研究人员已经研究了新成员融入群体的过程。也有相当多的研究考察了群体间的认知。事实上，多年来，社会心理学家对内群体与外群体的刻板印象的发展、表现和看法一直是主要关注的焦点。提出的研究是基于这两个领域的文献整合。本研究考察了群体内社会化的两个特征对新成员对群体内和群体外形成的刻板印象的影响：新成员对被群体接受的不确定性以及抽象与基于实例的信息的使用。社会化过程的这些特征将通过实验加以控制，并评估它们对新成员对内群体和外群体的看法的影响。这项工作的结果将是更全面地了解刻板印象的变化和发展，特别是群体社会化对内群体和外群体观念的影响。这项工作可能最终有助于确定群体可以促进更积极和建设性的群体间认知的方式。&;&；项目论证。长期以来，群体内部过程和群体间感知一直是社会科学家和整个社会关注的中心问题。在许多群体中，个体在成为正式的群体成员之前，会经历一个被群体社会化的诱导过程。例如，许多职业群体都有一个试用期，在此期间，新成员通过在职培训、正式培训课程以及与其他群体成员的非正式互动，获得有关自己群体和相关外群体的经验和信息。因此，在这段时间内，对内部群体和外部群体的看法可能会发生很大的变化。本研究考察了诱导过程的两个特征对新成员对其内群体和外群体形成刻板印象的影响。这项工作的结果将是更全面地了解刻板印象的变化和发展，特别是如何进入一个群体影响新群体成员对内群体和外群体的看法。这项工作可能最终有助于确定群体可以促进更积极和建设性的群体间认知的方式。

Project Description. Intragroup processes and intergroup perceptions have long been central concerns of social scientists and society in general. Researchers interested in intragroup processes have examined the process by which new members are socialized into a group. There has also been considerable research examining intergroup perceptions. Indeed, the development, representation, and perceptions of stereotypes about ingroups versus outgroups have been primary foci of social psychologists for many years. The proposed research is based on an integration of the literature from these two areas. The proposed research examines the effects of two features of intragroup socialization on the stereotypes that new members develop about ingroups and outgroups: new member uncertainty about being accepted by the group and the use of abstraction- versus instance-based information. These features of the socialization process will be experimentally manipulated and their effects on new members' perceptions of ingroups and outgroups assessed. The outcome of this work will be a more complete understanding of stereotype change and development and, in particular, the influence of group socialization on perceptions of ingroups and outgroups. This work may ultimately help identify ways in which groups can promote more positive and constructive intergroup perceptions. &&& Project Justification. Intragroup processes and intergroup perceptions have long been central concerns of social scientists and society in general. In many groups, individuals undergo an induction process during which they are socialized by the group before they can become full-fledged group members. Many occupational groups, for example, have a probationary period during which new members gain experience with and information about their own group and relevant outgroups through on-the-job training, formal training sessions, and informal interactions with other group members. Thus, perceptions of ingroups and outgroups are likely to undergo a great deal of change during this time. The proposed research examines the effects of two features of the induction process on the stereotypes that new members develop about their ingroups and outgroups. The outcome of this work will be a more complete understanding of stereotype change and development and, in particular, how induction into a group affects the perceptions of ingroups and outgroups that new group members develop. This work may ultimately help identify ways in which groups can promote more positive and constructive intergroup perceptions.