The Higher Level Phylogeny of the Trichoptera (Insecta)

毛翅目（昆虫纲）的高级系统发育

• 批准号: 9632879
• 负责人: Karl Kjer
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: Brigham Young University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-09-15 至 1999-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9632879&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Higher; Level; Phylogeny; Trichoptera; Insecta

9632879 KJER This study involves a molecular phylogenetic analysis of higher level (suborder and family) relationships among members of the caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) based on sequence data from both the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes. Knowledge of the phylogeny and evolution of this group of aquatic insects is of interest to freshwater ecologists, behavioral biologists, biodiversity advocates (Trichoptera larvae are classic water quality indicators), and historical biogeographers. In particular, the evolution of case and retreat making behavior of the immatures has been the center of spirited debate. Three competing hypotheses have emerged for the evolution of these traits that differ in their presumed character state homologies and transformation series (TS). The molecular phylogeny provided by this investigation will be used to test the alternate TS, using character mapping; preliminary results suggest that putative homologies of some behaviors will need to be reassessed. This research will also address methodological issues such as weighting schemes, Transition-transversion bias, and how to incorporate secondary structure concerns in rRNA analysis; these methodological concerns are of broad interest to the systematic community. This award will help support training of graduate students in modern methods of molecular systematic analysis and enhance our knowledge of this important element of insect biodiversity. Caddisflies are important elements of fresh water ecosystems and their species composition in streams has been used to assess and monitor water quality.

9632879 Kjer本研究基于线粒体和核基因组的序列数据，对臭蝇(昆虫纲：毛翅目)成员之间更高级别(亚目和科)的关系进行了分子系统发育分析。淡水生态学家、行为生物学家、生物多样性倡导者(毛翅目幼虫是经典的水质指标)和历史生物地理学家对这类水生昆虫的系统发育和进化的知识感兴趣。尤其是未成熟者的案例和退缩行为的演变一直是激烈争论的中心。对于这些性状的进化，出现了三种相互竞争的假说，它们在假定的特征状态、同源性和转化序列(TS)上不同。这项研究提供的分子系统学将用于测试替代的TS，使用特征图谱；初步结果表明，一些行为的假定同源性将需要重新评估。这项研究还将解决方法学问题，如加权方案、转换-颠换偏差，以及如何在rRNA分析中纳入二级结构问题；这些方法学问题引起系统社区的广泛兴趣。该奖项将有助于支持对研究生进行现代分子系统分析方法的培训，并增强我们对昆虫生物多样性这一重要元素的知识。蚯蚓是淡水生态系统的重要组成部分，其在溪流中的种类组成已被用来评估和监测水质。