Tsunami Survey for the February 21, 1996 Peruvian Earthquake

9634142 Yeh这个行动是为了支持一个小型侦察小组从1996年2月21日的秘鲁地震和海啸中学习，以收集和研究易腐烂的洪水数据。1996年2月21日，秘鲁北部沿海地区海底发生大地震，引发海啸，掀起3至5米巨浪，席卷钦博特港，摧毁了鱼类加工厂和50多所房屋，复活节岛（60厘米）和夏威夷（25厘米）的潮汐计记录了这一情况。迄今为止收集到的信息表明，这是一次“海啸地震”——1994年尼加拉瓜地震产生的一个术语，指的是异常有效地产生海啸的地震。彻底调查“海啸地震”及其影响对于减轻灾害至关重要，而且鉴于断层破裂机制的最新理论发展也很有价值。侦察小组将收集海啸影响的基本信息，包括涨潮、水流模式和速度、潮汐测量记录、结构破坏、冲刷效应、沉积物运输、地面震动强度、对河口和附近湖泊的影响，以及这次地震及其相关海啸造成的任何次生影响。该队将设法遵循1995年在科罗拉多州埃斯蒂斯公园举行的海啸测量讲习班和1995年在华盛顿星期五港举行的海啸模拟讲习班所确定的调查方法和程序的建议。由于国际海啸研究人员目前正在参与对1996年2月17日发生在印度尼西亚伊里安查亚北部海岸的另一次大海啸性地震（8.2级）的侦察，秘鲁的海啸侦察小组将相对较小。然而，该小组的研究结果将通过海啸公告板广泛公布。海啸公告板是由位于西雅图的美国国家海洋和大气管理局太平洋海洋与环境实验室（PMEL）发起和维护的互联网邮件列表。调查结束后，将立即通过海啸公告板发布一份简短报告，公布最终结果，并在华盛顿大学万维网海啸主页上发布。所有收集到的数据将根据要求提供。＊＊＊

9634142 Yeh This action is to support a small reconnaissance team to learn from the February 21, 1996 Peru earthquake and tsunami, in order to gather and study perishable inundation data. On February 21, 1996, a large earthquake struck under the sea off the northern coastal region of Peru, triggering a tsunami which swept into the port of Chimbote with 3 to 5 meter waves, destroying fish processing plants and more than 50 houses, and which was recorded by tide gages at Easter Island (60 cm) and Hawaii (25 cm). The information gathered to date point to it being a "tsunami earthquake" -- a term resulting from the 1994 Nicaragua earthquake to indicate an earthquake which is unusually efficient in producing tsunamis. A thorough investigation of "tsunami earthquakes" and their effects is critical in terms of hazard mitigation, and valuable in light of recent theoretical developments in fault rupture mechanisms. The reconnaissance team will gather essential tsunami-effect information including runup, flow patterns and velocities, tide-gage records, structural damage, scouring effects, sediment transport, intensity of ground shaking, the effect on estuaries and nearby lakes, and any secondary effects caused by this earthquake and its associated tsunami. The team will attempt to follow the recommendations for survey methodology and procedures established at the 1995 Tsunami Measurement Workshop in Estes Park, Colorado, as well as the 1995 Tsunami modelling Workshop in Friday Harbor, Washington. Because international tsunami researchers are currently involved in a reconnaissance of another large tsunamigenic earthquake (Mw 8.2) that occurred along the northern coast of Irian Jaya, Indonesia, on February 17, 1996, this Peru tsunami reconnaissance team will be relatively small. However, the findings of this team will be announced widely through the Tsunami Bulletin Board -- an Internet mailing list initiated and maintained by the NOAA Pacific Marine and Environmen tal Laboratory (PMEL) in Seattle. Immediately after the survey, a brief report will be disseminated via the Tsunami Bulletin Board, with the final results being published, and also posted on the University of Washington World Wide Web tsunami home page. All the gathered data will be available upon request. ***