Archaeological Survey on Finnish/Russian Border

芬兰/俄罗斯边境考古调查

• 批准号: 9712437
• 负责人: Ezra B. Zubrow
• 金额: $ 2万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-09-01 至 1999-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9712437&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Archaeological; Survey; Finnish; Russian; Border

Under a NSF Archaeology Program `High Risk Exploratory Grant` Drs. Ezra Zubrow and Milton Nunez and their collaborators will survey a 500 meter wide strip on the Finnish side of the Finnish - Russian border. For security purposes both countries cleared similar areas on each side of the border and only now, with the easing of international tensions is the Finnish portion available for scientific research. Since much of this region in central Finland is heavily vegetated and dense forest will regenerate quickly a unique opportunity with a narrow time window has presented itself. The team will conduct a systematic surface survey to locate as many sites as possible. These will carefully recorded with a global positioning system and particular attention will be paid to clusters of occurrences. A magnetometer will be employed to search for underground features and surface materials will be recorded. On the basis of these remains it should be possible to date the sites to a general time interval and to determine basic subsistence mode. This region of Finland was colonized ca. 8,000 BC after the retreat of the terminal Pleistocene glaciers. The earliest inhabitants were Mesolithic hunter gatherers. Later peoples practiced both reindeer herding and subsistence agriculture. The long term goal of the project is to study human ecology and subsistence adaptation in this environmentally marginal area. The investigators wish to understand how these three distinct subsistence lifestyles interacted: whether they followed each other in a linear fashion or co-existed and alternated in a more complex way. They also want to determine the relationship of these adaptations to the different environmental zones located within the survey area. This research is important because it will provide basic archaeological information on a geographic region which is almost archaeologically unknown. It addresses a significant question in human ecology and hopefully will lay the groundwork for a larger scale research effort.

根据美国国家科学基金会考古项目“高风险探索基金”，埃兹拉·祖布罗博士和米尔顿·努涅斯博士及其合作者将调查芬兰-俄罗斯边境芬兰一侧500米宽的地带。出于安全目的，两国在边界两侧清理了类似的地区，直到现在，随着国际紧张局势的缓和，芬兰部分才可用于科学研究。由于该地区位于芬兰中部，植被茂密，森林将迅速再生，因此出现了一个独特的机会，时间窗口很窄。该小组将进行系统的地面调查，以确定尽可能多的地点。这些将用全球定位系统仔细记录，并将特别注意发生的集群。将使用磁力计寻找地下特征，并记录表面物质。在这些遗骸的基础上，应该可以确定这些遗址的大致时间间隔，并确定基本的生存方式。 芬兰的这一地区被殖民。公元前8,000年，更新世末期冰川消退后。最早的居民是中石器时代的狩猎采集者。后来的民族既从事驯鹿放牧，也从事自给农业。该项目的长期目标是研究这一环境边缘地区的人类生态和生存适应。研究人员希望了解这三种不同的生存生活方式是如何相互作用的：它们是以线性方式相互遵循，还是以更复杂的方式共存和交替。他们还想确定这些适应与调查区域内不同环境区的关系。 这项研究很重要，因为它将提供一个几乎考古学未知的地理区域的基本考古学信息。它解决了人类生态学中的一个重要问题，并有望为更大规模的研究工作奠定基础。