Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Identifying Continuity & Change through Archaeological Soil Chemistry and Site Stratigraphy at Neolithic Settlements in Southeast Hunga

在Ezra B.W. Zubrow博士的指导下，罗德里克·索尔兹伯里将收集并分析匈牙利东南部新石器时代晚期和铜器时代早期小型定居点的地球化学和地层数据。这项研究的目的是确定从新石器时代晚期到铜器时代早期（大约公元前4800-4500年）过渡期间，定居点是如何内部组织的。这一时期在东南欧以定居模式、交换网络和殡葬实践的重大变化而闻名。迄今为止，大多数研究的焦点都集中在大型聚落丘上。小型新石器时代遗址的功能和特征，以及它们与新石器时代晚期区域定居模式的关系尚不清楚。索尔兹伯里的分析将集中在这个问题上，为解决新石器时代晚期小型扁平遗址缺失的遗址特征提供所需的数据。该项目试图了解在向聚落分散过渡的过程中，场地内聚落组织反映社会和经济变化的方式。将通过多元素地球化学和地层柱确定遗址结构和任务区域和特征。实践理论方法为将这些活动的可变性与社会组织的变化联系起来提供了理论基础，因为日常实践将留下独特的材料遗迹，同时告知更大的社会结构。如果我们要了解融合和抵抗等社会和政治变化如何反映在小型农牧社会的定居结构中，这一点很重要。确定活动地点的模式将有助于更好地了解在社会转型时期居住在小定居点的人们，而不仅仅是居住在突出的定居点土丘上的人们的生活方式。该项目的结果还将提出新的问题，即考古沉积物的性质以及它们与社会使用和操纵空间的方式之间的关系。这项研究将评估一种用于遗址内分析的社会实践模型的可行性，并有助于更好地了解区域文化历史和有关聚落整合和分散的更广泛的人类学问题。更广泛地说，这个项目中使用的方法相对来说是非侵入性的。遗址沉积物的多元素特征使遗址完好无损，可用于未来的研究，并补充了现有的密集地面调查和挖掘数据。以专著、演讲和期刊投稿的形式传播这项工作将增加对所采用的方法和概念的理解。强大的合作研究基础设施将促进匈牙利和美国考古学家之间对方法、解释和机会的认识。最后，以报纸采访和学校参观的形式进行的公众宣传将提高匈牙利公众对考古学的了解水平。

Under the supervision of Dr. Ezra B.W. Zubrow, Roderick Salisbury will collect and analyze geochemical and stratigraphic data from small late Neolithic and Early Copper Age settlements in southeastern Hungary. The goal of this research is to identify how settlements were internally organized during the transition from the Late Neolithic to Early Copper Age, circa 4800-4500 BC. This period in southeast Europe is known for substantial change in settlement patterns, exchange networks and mortuary practices. The focus of most research to date has been on large settlement mounds. The function and characteristics of small Late Neolithic sites, and how they relate to the Late Neolithic regional settlement pattern, is not known. Salisbury's analysis will focus on this issue, providing data needed to resolve the missing intra-site characterization of small Late Neolithic flat sites.This project attempts to understand the way that intra-site settlement organization reflects social and economic changes during the transition towards settlement dispersal. Site structure and the identification of task areas and features will be determined through multi-element geochemistry and stratigraphic columns. A practice theory approach provides a theoretical basis for linking variability in these activities with changes in social organization, because everyday practices will leave distinct material remains, and at the same time inform about the larger social structure. This is important if we are to understand how social and political changes like integration and resistance are reflected in settlement structure for small agro-pastoralist societies. Identifying patterns in the location of activities will lead to a better understanding of the ways in which people at small settlements, and not just for those living on prominent settlement mounds, lived during a period of social transformation. Results of this project will also raise new questions about the nature of archaeological deposits and how they relate to the way societies use and manipulate space.The research will assess the viability of a practice model of society for intra-site analysis, and contribute both to greater understanding of regional culture history and to broader anthropological questions relating to settlement integration and dispersal. More broadly, the methods used in this project are relatively non-intrusive. Multi-element characterization of site sediments leaves sites intact and available for future research, and complements existing intensive surface survey and excavation data. Dissemination of this work in the form of a monograph, presentations, and journal submissions will increase understanding of the methods and concepts employed. A strong collaborative research infrastructure will foster increased awareness of methods, interpretations and opportunities between Hungarian and American archaeologists. Finally, public outreach in the form of newspaper interviews and school visits will enhance the level of public understanding of archaeology in Hungary.